水稻双季改单季病害长期运动规律与节点防控技术研究.docx

浙江农业学报Acta 浙江农业学报Acta Agrulturae Zhejiangensis，2015，27(6)：1008—1014 http：／／www·zjn)-xl}·cn 汪恩国．水稻双季改单季病害长期运动规律与节点防控技术研究[J]．浙江农业学报，2015，27(6)：1008—1014． DOI：10．3969／j．issn．1004—1524．2015．06．19 水稻双季改单季病害长期运动规律与节点防控技术研究 汪恩国 (浙江省临海市农枝推J。中心，浙江临海31 7000) 摘要：为探明水稻双季改单季病害长期运动规律，提高单季稻制度病害防控水平，对临海市1995—2012年 水稻病害测报资料和近年防治试验与应用进行分析。结果表明，随双季稻一单双并存一单季稻渐进变化，水 稻主要病害从纹枯病一稻瘟病一细菌性条斑病(自叶枯病)结构，逐渐演变成纹枯病一黑条矮缩病一稻曲病 (穗瘟)结构，且态势渐趋加重。基于以上数据创建纹枯病、黑条矮缩病、稻曲病长期演变的数学模型，提出单 季稻病害防控的关键点主要在于做好苗期治虱防矮、分蘖期病害发病中心控制、穗期病害“三看”预防和局部 病害局部防控等4个节点防控技术。因此，单季稻制度病害防控需针对病害演变动态，注重从单病适时防控 向整体节点长效防控转变，完善节点防控技术，从而保障单季稻的超高产栽培。 关键词：水稻；病害；运动规律；数学模型；节点防控 中图分类号：S 435．1 1 1；R 93 t 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004—1524(2015)06—1008-07 The motion regularity and control by critical control points analysis of rice diseases after changing‘double cropping’to‘single cropping’ WANG En—guo (Linhai Agricultu．ral Technique Extension Center．Linhai 317000，Ch,ina) Abstract：Dala fronl forecast antI eonhlol of rice diseases during 1 995—201 2 in I。inhai were anal)，zed in this study re、real long—term movement ru]e of rice d iseases after changing from double into single cropping system．which was supposed be helpful to improve diseases control level．The resuhs showed that there was graduMly aggravated trend in the evolution from the former of main rice diseases，sheath blight，blast and bacterial stripe(bacte— rial blight)，10 st of sheath blight，black—streaked dwarf and false smut(panicle blast)．A mathematical model for long—term diseases moveillent of sheath blight，black—streaked dwarf，false snmt has been eslablished．Four key pointS proposed control single—cI‘opping rice diseases，eontl’oiling planthoppers to p11event dwarf at seed— ling stage，managing disease tillering stage，three check-ups for preventing aI heading stage，and local t}J‘e· 、renlion for local diseases．Therefore，to super—high—yield cultivation of single—cropping 1．ice，diseases control stl’ategies in single—cr