磁场作用下铁磁流体管道流中自旋效应的数值模拟-计算数学专业论文.docx

Numerical Simulation of Self-rotation in Ferrofluid Pipe Flow under Magnetic Field Candidate Xiaojing Li Supervisor Prof. Xiaodong Niu Associate Prof. Yuyue Yang College School of Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computational Mathematics Specialization Computational fluid dynamic Degree Master of Science University Xiangtan University Date April 11th, 2015 I I II 摘 要 铁磁流体是一种智能型磁性液体, 它兼具液体的流动性与磁性固体物质的磁化 性能, 被广泛应用于航空航天、生物医学、电子信息技术等领域, 是流体研究中的热 点. 磁场作用下铁磁流体管道流的研究对现代高科技技术领域的发展具有重要的意 义, 由于实验过程中磁场无法达到理想的强度, 数值模拟成为此类问题最重要的研 究手段之一. 本文针对磁场作用下铁磁流体管道流首次进行了数值模拟. 论文内容 主要包括两部分: 鉴于物理区域为管道, 我们选择在柱坐标系下对其进行数值模拟. 文中首先导 出柱坐标系下的控制方程, 再对其进行无量纲化, 将物理模型转化为数学模型. 为简单计, 利用三维管道模型的对称性将计算区域简化为二维矩形区域, 分别 对不加磁场、磁场强度为定值、磁场强度用Maxwell方程计算三种情况依次进行数 值模拟. 将不加磁场的数值模拟结果与哈根-泊肃叶流动的精确解进行对比, 结果十 分吻合, 从而验证了模型简化的可行性与程序的正确性. 磁场强度为定值的数值结 果表明, 磁场只影响轴向速度但不存在自旋. 磁场强度用Maxwell方程计算的数值结 果表明, 流场存在自旋效应且自旋速率|?? |随着磁场强度?的增大而增大, 这与已有 理论结果一致. 此外, 本文还探讨了铁磁流体磁颗粒的体积分数?、雷诺数??、管道 两端的压力差??、斯托克斯数???及磁化率?的大小对自旋速率|?? |的影响机理. 关键词: 铁磁流体管道流; 自旋效应; SIMPLE算法; 自旋速率; 数值模拟 PAGE PAGE III Abstract As a new type of intelligent fluid with its unique property of magnetism and liquid-like characteristics, ferrofluid has been received more and more attention re- cently from academic and engineering field. It has significantly potential engineering applications to study self-rotation phenomenon of the ferrofluid pipe flow under the magnetic field. Due to the difficulty of producing strong enough magnetic field in experiment, this work is mainly focusing numerical study. The present thesis mainly consists two sections, as following: Considering the physical area of pipe, numerical simulation is carried in cylindrical coordinate system. It presents the derivation of control equations based on cylindrical coordinate system and dimensionless of the equations. The physical model transform into mathematical model. The calculation area is simplified to a rectangular area for symmetry of the three dimensional pipe. Three k