法家经济公正思想分析-思想政治教育专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 春秋战国时期，社会生产力取得巨大发展，新的阶级出现，各诸侯国混战。 各诸侯国的统治者为了在争霸战争中取胜，在争霸局面中拥有一席之地，鼓励提 出和乐于听取各种不同的意见。而正是在这种宽松的环境下，各学者和术士才得 以解放思想和自由交流。这自然促成了“百家争鸣”局面的形成。法家便是其中 著名的一家，法家经济公正思想也应运而生。 法家经济公正思想从维护新兴地主阶级的经济利益出发，在对其他各家言论 进行批判性吸收的基础上，建立了自身的经济伦理思想。法家经济公正思想主要 体现在对农业生产的重视，运用法治手段，维护生产、分配、交换和消费各个环 节的公正性，如“重农抑末”、“以法治国”、“论赋均贫”、“崇俭斥奢”、 “人与天调”等思想。在生产环节，重视农业生产的发展，从而限制商业、手工 业的巧取；在分配环节，重视公平公正，主张“以力得富”，但是还要发挥赋税 的作用，以达到缩小贫富差距的目的；在交换环节，主张诚实守信、公平交易， 且以法治手段来维护公正性；在消费环节，宣传“崇俭斥奢”、“人与天调”思 想，鼓励勤俭节约，主张有节制的消费，不能过度使用自然资源。每个环节都离 不开公平公正理念。 法家经济公正思想不仅对经济领域的顺利运行起到了规范作用，而且对当时 社会经济的发展起到巨大的推动作用。其中许多思想对现今社会的发展仍有借鉴 意义，值得挖掘和深思。总之，法家经济公正思想是法家思想家们留下的一笔宝 贵财富，是人类一份重要的文化遗产，我们需要认真总结和分析，吸取有益成分 服务于现代化建设。 关键词：法家；管仲；商鞅；韩非；经济公正 Abstract During warring state period, new classes appeared as the rapid development of social productivity with kingdoms fighting all the time that wanted to seek a position and would like to listen to various opinions. Free ideas and thoughts were open under this pleasant circumstance which promoted the situation of diverse thinking among which there was one theory which was famous known as Han Fei’s thought of Legalists and thus the idea of economic justice was born. The idea of economic justice was based on the pursuit of the benefits of newly rising landlord and the criticism towards various thoughts and thus formed its own economic ethical theory. This theory focuses on the importance of agriculture and keep the maintenance of equality regarding production, distribution, exchange and consumption for example value agriculture while devalue business, rule by law, be harmonious with nature. During production, the development of agriculture is paid highly attention and meantime the prosperity of business and handcraft industry is restricted. In the process of distribution, justice and equality are reflected in terms of being rich through power and taxation in order to narrow the gap between the rich and poor; during exchange process, it is believed that honesty, equal trade and justice by law are the key