法律适用中的类比推理-法律专业论文.docx

法律适用中的类比推理 中文摘要 法律适用中的类比推理 中文摘要 类比是重要的思维方式，法律推理实质上侧重于类比方法，类比推理体现了“同 案同判”这一正义原则。类比推理涉及到逻辑学、心理学以及法学方法论等多个学科 领域。类比推理和类推适用、类推解释、司法类推等概念的异同辨析。古代中国法律 实践盛行类推适用。大陆法系公法上经历了从类推入罪到罪刑法定的过程，私法领域 类推推理是填补法律漏洞的重要方法。英美法系类比推理是支撑判例制度的方法论基 石，是重要的裁判技术。考夫曼认为法原本即带有类推的性质。类比推理是带有相 当复杂结构的思维过程。类比推理结论可靠程度提高的注意事项。加快指导案例制度 的构建、加强判决书的说理工作，提高法律职业人的素养，通过制度化建设保障类比 推理运用结果的公信力。 关键词：类比推理 罪刑法定 事物本质 指导案例 作 者：张 纾 指导老师：胡玉鸿 英文摘要 法律适用中的类比推理 Reasoning from Analogy in Law Application Abstract Analogy is an important way of thinking, which is widely applied in legal reasoning, since it can mostly reflects the principles of justice by making sure that similar cases should be decided so as to give similar and predictable outcomes. Analogical reasoning involves multiple disciplines such as logic, psychology, and legal methodology. Analogical reasoning is widely adopted in judicial practice in ancient China. In continental law system, analogical reasoning is an important method to fill the loopholes of law in the case of civil law; while in common law system, analogical reasoning has always been the cornerstone of the principle of Stare decisis. In the eyes of Kaufmann, law originally has the nature of analogy. Thus, it is of great use to establish the system of instructional case, enhance the persuasive ability of court verdict, increase the legal literacy of legal professionals, and ensure the credibility of analogical reasoning in judicial practice. Keywords: analogical reasoning legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime instructional case Written by: Zhang Shu Supervised by: Hu Yuhong 目 录 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark0 引 言 ...................................................................................................................................1 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark1 第一章 类比推理的重要性 ...............................................................................................3 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark2 一、类比是重要的思维方式 ................................................................................