《浅谈恶劣环境下的船舶安全操纵》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

5 - 浅谈恶劣环境下的船舶安全操纵 ——结合本船“德潞”轮在大风浪中的航行实例分析 专业班级：航海技术 姓 名： 指导教师： 内容摘要 随着石油资源的不断开发，海上石油钻井平台的数量与日俱增，虽然加快了国家经济的发展和石油资源的开发，但是这些与日俱增的平台着实造成了海洋的拥堵，尤其是渤海湾，这就为我们为其提供后勤保障的的滨海拖轮的安全航行提出了严峻的考验，从分析统计的数据上看，每年在渤海湾发生碰撞的拖轮数量呈递增趋势，其中大部分原因是由于船舶操纵引起的，尤其是在恶劣海况下。因此重视船舶在恶劣海况下的安全操纵，提高驾驶员在复杂航行环境中的船舶操纵技能，最大程度地减少船舶海上事故的发生，最终达到安全和经济的营运目的，这已成为一个突出的共同课题。 恶劣的海况常常严重地威胁着船舶的安全航行，如常见的：大风浪、浓雾海区。除了自然和船舶本身的条件限制外，人为因素也有决定性的作用。因此决定船舶能否安全通过海况恶劣的海区，关键在于能否做出正确决策以采取恰当的措施。当面临大风浪、浓雾这样恶劣的海况时，决策人员（船长）应充分利用本船的操纵性能，了解大风浪中船舶运动特性，注意雾中船舶的正确避让，以确保船舶的安全航行。 本文根据实践体会从恶劣海况下船舶航行安全的角度出发，重点分析恶劣海况中船舶的运动特性和存在的不利因素。有针对性地介绍利于航行安全的正确操船措施，同时结合实践，对本船“德潞”轮航行中所遭遇的海况及采取的航行措施进行简要分析，确保避免船舶陷入危险地境地。 关键词：船舶安全操纵，大风浪，措施 ABSTRACT With the continuous development of petroleum resources, offshore oil drilling platform of increasing number, although accelerate national economic development and the development of petroleum resources, but these growing platform has indeed caused ocean congestion, especially BoHai bay, this is our offer for its logistics safeguard of safe voyage of BinHai tug of proposed severe tests, from the statistical analysis of the data on look, every year in BoHai bay collided tug in number increasing trend, mostly reason is caused due to the ship maneuvering, especially in bad intended. Therefore, the improvement and excellent ability for turning ships to maneuver function, especially the maneuvering ability in the complicated and special voyage environment, have become an outstanding intercommunity topic. Vessels may encounter any kind of complicated navigational environment during the voyage. Such as the common condition, the vessel is in the area of the rough sea. Making the correct decision and taking the proper actions is the key to passing this area or avoiding the negative effects. While the critical decisions and actions are affected by many factors, such as the high waves, maneuverability of the ship, the movement characteristics of the ship in the bad weather and the theories of c