煤矿开采诱发岩溶地表塌陷的机理分析-煤炭科学技术
第42卷第8期 煤 炭 科 学 技 术 Vol42 No8
2014年 8月 Coal Science and Technology Aug. 2014
煤矿开采诱发岩溶地表塌陷的机理分析
王 明 立
(天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部ꎬ北京 100013)
摘 要:为有效预测与防范我国一些岩溶地区由于煤矿开采诱发的岩溶地表塌陷灾害ꎬ以江西丰城矿
区坪湖煤矿为工程背景ꎬ采用数值模拟、地表移动计算等方法ꎬ分析了因采动引起的附加应力扰动导
致岩溶塌陷发生的机理和影响因素ꎬ确定了岩溶塌陷易发性的评价指标ꎮ 研究结果表明ꎬ地下开采会
在岩溶地层产生拉应力ꎬ形成拉伸破坏区ꎬ对于浅埋溶洞ꎬ拉伸破坏区易发展至地表ꎬ形成岩溶塌陷ꎬ
经地表移动计算分析可知ꎬ当地表拉伸变形达到 18 mm/ m 以上时ꎬ地表发生岩溶塌陷的可能性较
大ꎮ 为了防范采动区岩溶塌陷ꎬ进行采前岩溶探测和采动影响预测分析十分必要ꎮ
关键词:煤矿开采ꎻ岩溶塌陷ꎻ拉伸变形ꎻ地表移动
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中图分类号:TD3254 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253 2336(2014)08 0005 03
Analysis on Karst Cover Collapsing Mechanism Caused by
Underground Coal Mining
WANG Ming ̄li
(Department of Mining and DesignꎬTiandiScience and Technology Company LimitedꎬBeijing 100013ꎬChina)
Abstract:In order to effectively predict and prevent the karst collapsing disaster caused by coal mining in underground mine located in
China karst areaꎬbased on Pinghu Mine of Jiangxi Fengcheng Coal Mining Area as an engineering backgroundꎬthe numerical simulationꎬ
surface ground movementcalculationandothermethodswereappliedtoanalyzethemechanismandinfluencefactorsofthekarstcollapsing
caused by the additional stress disturbance from the mining and to determine an evaluation index of the karst collapsing probability.The
study results showed that the underground mining would cause a tensile stress in the kart stratum andform a tensilefailure zone.As for a
shallow covered karst cavityꎬthe tensile failure zone would be developed to the surface ground and the karst cover collapsing would be
formed.Thecalculationandanalysisonthesurf
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