Chapter09_控制报文协议.pptVIP

Chapter 9;Internet Control Message Protocol控制报文协议;Position of ICMP in the network layer ICMP 在网络层的位置;Encapsulation of ICMP packet ICMP 的封装;9.1 TYPES OF MESSAGES报文类型;Table 9.1 ICMP messages ICMP 报文;9.2 MESSAGE FORMAT 报文格式;9.3 ERROR REPORTING 差错报告;Error-reporting messages 差错报告报文;四种情况不产生ICMP差错报文;Contents of data field for error messages 差错报文的数据字段内容;Destination-unreachable format 终点不可达报文的格式;几点关注;Source-quench format 源端抑制的格式;Time-exceeded message format 超时报文格式;Parameter-problem message format 参数问题报文格式;Redirection concept 改变路由的概念;Redirection message format 改变路由报文的格式;9.4 QUERY 查询;Query messages询问报文;Echo-request and echo-reply message format 回送请求和回送回答报文格式;实例——Ping程序;Timestamp-request and timestamp-reply message format 时间戳请求和时间戳回答报文格式;Value of original timestamp: 46 Value of receive timestamp: 59 Value of transmit timestamp: 60 Time the packet arrived: 67;Mask-request and mask-reply message format 掩码请求和掩码回答报文的格式;Router solicitation message format 路由器询问报文的格式;Router advertisement message format 路由器通告报文格式;9.5 CHECKSUM 检验和;Checksum Calculation 检验和的计算 把检验和字段置0。 计算所有16位字（首部和数据）之和。 把得到的和求反码，得到检验和。 把检验和存入检验和字段;Example of checksum calculation 计算检验和的例子;;We use the ping program to test the server . The result is shown below:;Example 2 (Continued);For the this example, we want to know if the mail server is alive and running. The result is shown below:;Example 3 (Continued);Figure 9.20 The traceroute program operation;We use the traceroute program to find the route from the computer to the server . The following shows the result:; The un-numbered line after the command shows that the destination is . The TTL value is 30 hops. The packet contains 38 bytes: 20 bytes of IP header, 8 bytes of UDP header, and 10 bytes of application data. The application data is used by traceroute to keep track of the packets.;In this example, we trace a longer route, the route to ;An interesting point is that a host can send a traceroute packet to itself. This can be done by specifying