公共财政视角下的义务教育均等化研究-行政管理专业论文.docx

上海交通大学硕士学位论文公共财政视角下的义务教育均等化研究 上海交通大学硕士学位论文 公共财政视角下的义务教育均等化研究 万方数据 万方数据 公共财政视角下的义务教育均等化研究 摘 要 义务教育是整个国民教育的基础环节，也是基本公共服务的重要组 成部分，义务教育的成败直接关系到未来国家人口素质的高低，其重要 程度是不言而喻的。义务教育作为国家强制推行的基础教育，公共财政 投入是义务教育能否有效施行的基本保障。政府要推进义务教育均衡发 展，不仅需要有充足的财政投入，还需要公共财政投入得到公平、合理 地配置。 本文将通过公共财政的视角，对义务教育均等化问题进行深入研究， 在对国内外关于义务教育均等化的文献进行了梳理和阐述的基础上，从 公共产品和基本公共服务均等化的角度对义务教育均等化做了内涵和外 延的界定，然后阐述了公共财政视角下的义务教育均等化的基本理论。 在相关的理论铺垫的基础上重点阐述了我国义务教育发展中暴露出来的 不均衡的现象，特别从财政角度对非均等的义务教育问题进行了深入的 剖析，然后从财政角度，特别是财政转移支付的角度对美国、日本等国 家的先进经验进行了梳理和借鉴，在这些先进经验的基础上，结合我国 III 的具体国情，从财政角度上对我国义务教育均等化发展提出了一些政策 建议，并希望这些改进建议能够为我国的义务教育发展提供一定的理论 指导。 关键词：公共财政，公共服务，义务教育，均等化 IV STUDY ON COMPULSORY EDUCATION EQUALIZATION IN VIEW OF PUBLIC FINANCE ABSTRACT Compulsory education is the most fundamental part of public services, aiming to enhance the overall quality of the entire nation. The success of compulsory education is so important that it greatly influences the future quality of the population. As compulsory education is determined as a mandatory fundamental education by the Chinese government, public financial investment on compulsory education is the guaranty of its effective implementation. An adequate financial investment and a fair and reasonable allocation are both essential for the government to promote the all-round development of compulsory education. This thesis takes an in-dept study on the issue of equalization of compulsory education from the perspective of public finance. The first chapter elaborates on the literature review of equalization of compulsory V education. The second chapter firstly defines the connotation and denotation of the equalization of compulsory education from the perspectives of public products and general public services, and then explains the mechanical analysis of the influences on the equalization of compulsory education made by public finance. The third chapter, as the main part of this thesis, focuses on the issues exposed during the development of compulsory education in China, penetra