公路建设项目环境风险评价与管理研究-环境科学专业论文.docx

The Research on Environment Risk Assessment and Management of the Highway Construction Project A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Ma Jin Supervisor：Prof. Dong Xiaolin Chang’an University, Xi’an, China i i PAGE PAGE iv 摘 要 随着公路建设事业蓬勃发展，公路项目的规模和复杂程度不断加大，公路项目在建 设和运营过程中，存在着较多的可能发生的不确定因素。在建设期由于技术、材料、设 备和施工条件、施工过程等存在的不确定因素，可能带来的事故会造成对环境的各种影 响。在运营期由于危险品等的运输过程存在着一定的风险，如发生事故可能对周边的环 境造成不同程度的污染和破坏。因此，开展公路建设项目环境风险评价，强化环境风险 管理，降低环境事故风险，减少环境风险损失，是加强公路环境保护，提高公路建设和 运营整体质量的重要保证。 本研究阐述了环境风险与管理的概念和主要内容，对公路建设项目的特点、环境管 理内容进行论述；分析了公路建设期和运营期环境风险因素的分类，提出了公路环境风 险评价的工作等级和评价范围；研究了公路项目社会稳定风险评估的意义和主要内容， 提出了公路项目社会稳定风险的评估程序；提出了公路建设期和运营期过程中应对环境 风险的防范措施、管理工作和环境风险应急计划；并对现行的《公路建设项目环境影响 评价规范（JTGB03—2006）》的相关条文进行了补充、完善。 本研究为公路建设项目环境影响评价规范中环境风险评价提供了依据，对于提高公 路建设项目环境风险管理工作水平，完善公路建设项目环境管理机制，充实公路建设项 目环境保护法规、规范，加强公路环境保护有着重要意义。 关键词：公路建设项目、环境保护、环境管理、风险分析、风险管理、评价 Abstract With the vigorous development of the highway construction projects, the scale and complexity of highway projects increase greatly. In course of the highway projects’ construction and operation, there are many varied uncertain factors during the construction period. Meanwhile, during the operational period, due to the uncertain factors of technology, materials, equipments and others, the potential accidents will impact on the environment. There are also certain risks in the transport of dangerous goods, which may cause the varied degrees of damage for the surrounding environment. Therefore, in order to strengthen the road of environmental protection and guarantee to improve the overall quality of highway carry out, strengthenthemanareducethe lconstruction and operation, carry out , strengthen the mana reduce the l the risk of environmental accidents and the environmental risk assessment of gement of environmental risks, reduce oss of environmental risks This study describes the concept, classification and major coverage of the environmental management, risk management and environmental risk, and analyzes the chara