地方政府职能及其治理变革研究技术经济及管理专业论文.docx

哈尔滨工业大学管理学博士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学管理学博士学位论文 Abstract Abstract - - PAGE VIII- -III- -III- 行了实证对比。本文从财政支出结构角度，通过比较中外各国地方政府财政 支出结构以及国内不同地区中心城市政府财政支出结构，对我国地方政府的 职能进行了研究。在中外地方政府财政支出结构的比较中，首先说明了本文 的比较研究对象，之后界定了中外地方政府的范围；然后分别列举美国、英 国、日本和中国地方政府财政支出结构的具体内容。通过比较研究发现，中 外地方政府在教育、医疗卫生、公共交通、公共住宅、公共事业、政府管理 费用、社会保障等地方政府职能方面存在差异，从而提出我国地方政府配置 地区资源效率不高、协调收入分配没有充分维护社会公平的问题；最后对我 国市场经济发展程度不同的中心城市广州市、上海市和哈尔滨市政府的财政 支出结构也作了比较研究，找出了国内经济发展不同地区中心城市政府职能 的差异。 根据中外地方政府和国内不同地方政府职能的差异，本文分析了影响地 方政府职能的因素，即传统观念、制度环境和制度结构因素。因此，本文在 最后指出了新公共管理政策工具对我国的借鉴意义并从这三个方面提出了推 进我国地方政府职能转变的对策。 关键词：地方政府职能；新公共管理；地方分权；治理变革 Abstract The default definition of local government function is becoming a serious obstacle for the further development of our market economy, so the theory study about discussing the definition of local government function deeply, and play its function in the market economy efficiently is necessary and emergent. The paper defines the local government function definitely based on the government function theory in the market economy, and it analyzes the local governance transformation with the institutional economy theory. Meanwhile it studies the function differences between China and foreign countries. Based on the differences, the paper analyzes the factors that influence local government function. Finally the paper proposes some suggestions to improve local government function. The paper at first defines the government function based on analyzing the relations between the market and government. The chapter points out the importance of government intervene in the aspect of government intervening to individual behavior, resource allocation, revenue reallocation and keep the stability. The research foundation is that after defining the government function, the chapter further distinguishes the differences between central government and local government function. Through the partition between the different social affairs, the chapter defines the local government function., which is providing the local public