分布式电源的优化规划研究-电气工程专业论文.docx

摘 摘 要 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 分布式电源（DG）是一类分散的小型电源，通常安装在负荷附近，和传统 的电力系统网络并网运行。接入分布式电源可以削减电网建设成本、减少网损、 提升电力系统的可靠性、安全性。但另一方面，分布式电源接入给电力系统带 来了节点电压约束，电网降损规划，继电保护安装配置等方面的新问题。应 在电网规划阶段将分布式电源的接入对传统电力系统的不利影响将至最低。 在考虑节点电压约束问题的分布式电源准入容量计算方面：本文将解析法 与二分法相结合，提出了一种名为“解析优化二分法的”的算法。选用系统 中接入一个、多个分布式电源的算例对算法进行验证。结果表明该算法兼具准 确性、快速性、广泛适用性，并解决了以往研究未解决的双层优化问题。 在电网降损规划方面：本文将粒子群算法用于以网损最小为目标，考虑电 压约束的分布式电源选址、定容规划中。运用多算例进行分析，结果表明粒子 群算法能快速、准确地完成计算，得出的规划方案可以在保证电压不越限的情 况下，有效降低网损。并分析了分布式电源接入数量与分布式电源接入容量、 电网网损、个别分布式电源故障给电网带来的冲击之间的关系。 在接入分布式电源后配电网的继电保护配置方面：本文讨论了分布式电源 的接入对传统继保装置的影响，并对传统配电网的继电保护装置给出了相关的 配置建议。使其能在接入分布式电源的情况下，可靠、稳定地工作。 关键词：分布式电源；配电网；节点电压约束；网损；继电保护 I Abst Abstract ABSTRACT Distributed generation (DG) is a kind of small-capacity power, which is installed nearby the distribution network’s load and operate with traditional power gird. The accessing of DG can save the construction investment, reduce the gird-loss, as well as improve the flexibility, reliability and security of the power system. But on the other hand, DG brings some problems to the gird such as: voltage constraints, the loss reduction planning, the installation of relay protection. Measures should be taken to reduce the negative impact of the DG in the stage of gird-planning. In the matter of calculation on the maximum penetration level of DGs under the situation of voltage constraints problem. Analytical and dichotomy is conbined effectively, “Analytical-improved Dichotomy Method” is proposed. The new algorithm is applied in the calculation on the maximum penertration level of one or more DGs. Results shows this algorithm can be accurately quickly and rapidly accessed in calculating the maximum penetration level of distributed generators without additional network parements. It is a ideal solution to the remaining bilevel optimization problem. In the research of the loss reduction planning, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used in the planning of DGs. Outcome of the examples shows PSO is equipped with convergence and accuracy. It i