2005-2006年高三英语总复习语法部分：（一） 名 词.pptVIP

Unit 1 名 词 (Nouns) 名词 普通名词 专有名词 可数名词 不可数名词 个体名词: 集体名词： teacher, book family, team 物质名词： water, air 抽象名词： happiness Tom, China the United Nations (一) 名词的数 1.可数名词 可数名词有单、复数两种形式，其复数的构成方式如下： 1). + -s books, desks, boys 2). -s,-x,-ch , -sh , +-es bus→buses,watch→watches,box→boxes, brush→brushes but:stomach→stomachs, table-cloth→table-cloths. 3). -o + -s/-es a) radios, zoos, bamboos, photos, pianos, kilos , tobaccos b) tomatoes, heroes, potatoes, 4). 辅音字母+y →-ies lady→ladies,factory→factories, country→countries but: toy→ toys, Henry→ Henrys 5). –f/-fe→-ves life→lives,leaf→leaves,wife→wives, knife→knives but:belief→beliefs,chief→chiefs, gulf→gulfs,cliff→cliffs， handkerchief→handkerchiefs,roof→roofs,proof→proofs,serf→serfs, safe→safes 6). 不规则变化 a). man →men, woman→women, foot→feet, child→children, mouse→mice, b). goose→geese, ox→oxen, phenomenon→phenomena c). sheep, deer, means, fish, aircraft, works, species, yuan, jiao, d). goods, glasses, compasses, clothes, trousers e). Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 7). 复合名词的复数 son-in-law→sons-in-law, looker-on→lookers-on, passer-by→passers-by, go-between→go-betweens, grow-up→grow-ups man teacher→men teachers boy student→boy students, a sports car, a tomato field 8). 有些单词常以复数形式出现在句子中： a). Congratulations on your success. b). Send my regards to your family. c). Many happy returns of the day. d).The instructions are on the bottle. e). With best wishes. f). Many thanks to you for helping me. g). It is good manners to do sth. h). He is in high spirits. 2. 不可数名词 1）. air, water, oil, advice, information, progress, news , English 2). a piece of advice, an article of clothing/ furniture, a bar of chocolate / soap, a loaf of bread, a bottle of ink/ milk, a pair of trousers / socks, five head of cattle, 3).有的不可数名词在表示份数、种类、次数时可用复数形式。 Three coffees / drinks, two teas , fruit