尊杜与贬杜论陆时雍与王夫之的杜诗选评-成功大学.PDFVIP

成大中文學報 第三十七期 2012 年 6 月 頁 81-106 國立成功大學中文系 尊杜與貶杜─ 論陸時雍與王夫之的杜詩選評 陳美朱＊ 摘 要 陸時雍（?-? ）的《唐詩鏡》及王夫之（1619-1692）的《唐詩評選》，都是明清 之際有名的唐詩選本，選本中杜甫詩的入選量也都高居首位，七律的成就更是遠邁 有唐其他詩家。如果選本是選家批評意識的延伸，反映出選家編選的標準與態度， 陸、王兩家唐詩選本的杜詩選錄數量高居第一，應寓有推尊杜詩之意，但令人不解 的是，陸、王兩家評論杜詩時，卻經常出現負面意見，如陸時雍曾言：「心托少陵之 藩而欲追風雅之奧，豈可得哉？」王夫之甚且有「風雅罪魁，非杜其誰邪？」之言， 如果杜詩並非兩人心目中真正推崇的唐詩典範，那麼唐詩選本中選錄最多的意義何 在？ 學界目前對於上述的詩學矛盾現象，多著眼於兩家「如何」貶杜以及「何以」 貶杜，卻往往忽略陸時雍、王夫之在「貶杜」之餘，杜詩卻也是兩家唐詩選本中選 錄最多的事實。本文遂擬在前人研究基礎上，針對陸、王兩家「貶杜」與「尊杜」 之間的矛盾現象進行爬梳，尤其是兩家唐詩選本何以選錄杜詩最多的深意，期能對 兩家的詩論及兩家所選出的杜詩樣貌，有更周全的觀照與思考。 關鍵詞：陸時雍、王夫之、杜詩、唐詩評選、唐詩鏡 ＊ 東海大學中國文學系副教授。 81 成 大 中 文 學 報 第 三 十 七 期 Appreciations and Criticisms of Du Fu’s Poems: A Study on Lu Shiyong and Wang Fuzhi’s Selected Anthologies of Du’s Poems Chen Mei-Chu Associate Professor, Department of Chinese Literature, Tunghai University Abstract Wang Fuzhi’s The Anthology of Tang Poetry and Lu Shiyong’s Tangshi Jing (A Mirror of Tang Poetry) are two anthologies which were widely known during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Within these two anthologies, the compilers select a great amount of Du Fu’s poems, which means the two compilers highly valued tine literary prowess in Du Fu’s poetry, an evaluation which reflects their literary standards and judgments. However, negative commentary frequently appears in these two anthologies; commentaries even argue that Du Fu may have ruined poetic arts. Thus, why had they anthologized such a great amount of Du Fu’s poems if they did not regard Du’s poems as the paragon of Tang poetry? Currently, the phenomenon mentioned above has