呼吸衰竭诊断指标及救治措施高建苑.ppt

Disorders characterized by systemic effects of M protein, and direct effects of bone marrow infiltration Common examples of methylation-induced silencing: Imprinted genes (Prader-Willi, Angelmann Syndromes) Inactivated 2nd X chromosome in females DNA methylation results in histone deacetylation, compacted chromatin, and repression of gene activity Methylation can have a profound effect in tumorigenesis by silencing tumor suppressors Disorders characterized by systemic effects of M protein, and direct effects of bone marrow infiltration Common examples of methylation-induced silencing: Imprinted genes (Prader-Willi, Angelmann Syndromes) Inactivated 2nd X chromosome in females DNA methylation results in histone deacetylation, compacted chromatin, and repression of gene activity Methylation can have a profound effect in tumorigenesis by silencing tumor suppressors Disorders characterized by systemic effects of M protein, and direct effects of bone marrow infiltration Common examples of methylation-induced silencing: Imprinted genes (Prader-Willi, Angelmann Syndromes) Inactivated 2nd X chromosome in females DNA methylation results in histone deacetylation, compacted chromatin, and repression of gene activity Methylation can have a profound effect in tumorigenesis by silencing tumor suppressors * * Once the need for an artificial airway has been established you must select the appropriate size ETT for the patient. The largest tube that will fit into the airway should be used. The smaller the tube the harder it is for the patient to breathe. Just a reduction of 16% of the radius of an ETT will double the WOB for the patient. Another thing to consider is what type of blade to use for the intubation…. * Miller Blade is straight – directly lifts the epiglottis to allow visualization of the vocal cords. MacIntosh – blade is curved; inserted into the vallecula to indirectly lift the epiglottis. Infants are always intubated with the Miller die to the floppy airway. * * * *