近35年甘肃庆阳黄土高原地带气候特征分析.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2015,31(29): 181-190 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 近35年甘肃庆阳黄土高原地带气候特征分析 路亚奇，焦美龄，曹彦超 （甘肃省庆阳市气象局，甘肃庆阳745000） 摘 要：通过研究全球气候变化下甘肃庆阳地区气候变化的特点，为黄土高原地带农业及经济的发展提 供理论依据。研究利用庆阳市8 站近35 年的降水、气温、日照时数等气象资料，应用多种统计方法分析 了庆阳黄土高原地带的区域气候特征及其变化规律。结果表明，甘肃庆阳黄土高原地带降水量季节分 配不均，干湿季分明，强降水天气均出现在4—9 月。中部和东南部年降水量呈减少趋势，西北部呈增多 趋势；气温差异性则表现为山壑地区比平原和川区冬天气温低，夏天气温高，年平均气温呈升高趋势，且 升高趋势冬季贡献显著；年日平均日照时数西北部和中部呈增多趋势，东南部则呈明显减少趋势，4—8 月为日照时数高值区，且夏季比冬季日照时数多出约1 h 。 关键词：气温；降水；日照；气候特征；气候变化 中图分类号：P467 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas ClimateCharacteristicAnalysisofLoessPlateauAreasinQingyang,GansuinRecent35Years LuYaqi,JiaoMeiling,CaoYanchao (QingyangMeteorologicalBureauinGansu,QingyangGansu745000) Abstract:Thepaperaimstoprovidetheorybasisfortheagriculturalandeconomicdevelopmentoftheloess plateauregionbymeansofresearchingtheclimatecharacteristicsofQingyangRegion,GansuProvinceunder theglobalclimatechange.TheclimatecharacteristicsandchangerulesofQingyangloessplateauareaswere analyzedthroughvariousstatisticalmethodsaccordingtotherainfall,temperature,sunshinedurationandother meteorologicalelementsfrom 8stationsinQingyangDistrictduringrecent 35years.Theresultsshowedthat: therewasunevenseasonalrainfalldistributionanddistinctionbetweenwetanddryseason.Heavyrainfall appearedfromApriltoSeptember;thetendencyofannualprecipitationinthemiddleandsouth-eastarea reduced,whileitwastheoppositeinthenorth-westarea.Thetemperaturedifferenceshowedthatgullyregion hadlowertemperatureinwinterandhigheroneinsummercomparedwithotherplainsandmountainousareas. Annualaveragetemperaturewasinanincreasingtendency,inwhichwinterplayedamoreimportantrole. Therewasanincreaseinthemeanannualsunshinedurationinthenorth-westandmiddleare