很快恢复cylinderhead汽缸盖NotestothePassage1Atimingbelt.PPT

汽车专业英语 ; ; ; ;PartⅠ Practical Reading; Rods linked the cam below to valve lifters above the valves. This approach has more moving parts and also causes more lag between the cam’s activation of the valve and the valve’s subsequent motion. A timing belt or timing chain links the crankshaft to the camshaft so that the valves are in sync with the pistons. The camshaft is geared to turn at one-half the rate of the crankshaft. Many high-performance engines have four valves per cylinder (two for intake， two for exhaust)， and this arrangement requires two camshafts per bank of cylinders， hence the phrase “dual overhead cams”.（See fig. 3-1）;Fig. 3-1 Valve Train; Lobes The key parts of any camshaft are the lobes. As the camshaft spins， the lobes open and close the intake and exhaust valves in time with the motion of the piston. It turns out that there is a direct relationship between the shape of the cam lobes and the way the engine performs in different speed ranges. When the intake valve opens and the piston starts its intake stroke， the air-fuel mixture in the intake runner starts to accelerate into the cylinder. By the time the piston reaches the bottom of its intake stroke， the air-fuel is moving at a pretty high speed. If we were to slam the intake valve shut， all of that air-fuel would come to a stop and not enter ; the cylinder. By leaving the intake valve open a little longer， the momentum of the fastmoving air-fuel continues to force air-fuel into the cylinder as the piston starts its compression stroke. So the faster the engine goes， the faster the air-fuel moves， and the longer we want the intake valve to stay open. We also want the valve to open wider at higher speed — this parameter， called valve lift， is governed by the cam lobe profile. Any given camshaft will be perfect only at one engine speed. At every other engine speed， the engine won’t perform to its full potential. A fixed camshaft is， therefore， always a compromise. This is wh