环境犯罪客体之分析-刑事诉讼法专业论文.docxVIP

1 内容摘要 环境问题已经成为世界各国非常关注的问题，我国亦不例外。在保护环境方面，我 国做出了诸多有益的探索。刑法作为最后一道屏障，在环境保护中发挥着举足轻重的作 用。从 1979 年刑法到 1997 年刑法，再到 2003 年的《刑法修正案（四）》，环境的刑法 保护力度得到了不断加强。但是由于环境犯罪问题的特殊性，传统的刑法理论已经有些 不适应环境犯罪发展的需要。 本文以环境犯罪客体为主线，始终贯彻弱人类中心主义的环境伦理观，首先对国内 外环境犯罪客体的立法和研究现状进行比较分析；然后以犯罪客体的一般理论为指导， 探讨环境犯罪客体的特殊性，得出环境犯罪客体的概念：符合环境犯罪客体构成要件表 现形式，并在环境刑法规范上应受到否定价值评价的对环境法益之侵害。本文认为环境 犯罪客体的本质在于对环境法益的侵害性，直接表现就是侵犯了人与自然环境之间的和 谐关系，然而更深层次却是侵犯了人与人之间的社会关系。接下来从环境犯罪客体构成 要件的表现形式和环境刑法规范对破坏环境行为的否定价值评价两个方面探讨了环境 犯罪客体的内容。最后，以环境犯罪客体的基本理论为基础，从确定环境犯罪范围、界 定环境犯罪的犯罪类型和辨析罪数形态等三个方面探讨环境犯罪客体的功能。 关键词：环境犯罪客体；环境法益；环境犯罪；环境刑法；弱人类中心主义    1 Abstract Environment problem already becomes the problem that arouses the attention of all the countries in the world, and our country also has no exception. In the respect of protecting the environment, our country has made a lot of beneficial explorations. Criminal Law as a final safeguard, is playing the important role in protecting the environment. From Criminal Law in 1979 to Criminal Law in 1997, and to Criminal Law amendment in 2003 (four), the degree of protecting the environment by Criminal Law has been getting the more reinforcement. But since environment crime is a particular problem, the traditional theory of Criminal Law can not adapt to the need of environment crime development. The article surrounds the object of the environment crime, and carries out the environment ethics of the weak anthropocentric doctrine all the time. At first, the article compares and analysises the legislation and current studying situation of the object of the environment crime between in and out of our country. Then according to the common theory about the object of crime, the article discusses the particularity of the object of the environment crime, and gets the concept of the object of the environment crime: encroaching on legal interest of environment according with a manifestation of the object of the environment crime’s constitution and negative value estimates in Environment Criminal Law. The article think