环境权法律制度研究-环境与资源保护法学专业论文.docxVIP

摘受 摘要 环境权理论自从上个世纪60年代被提出来，就是作为环境法的基石性范畴的。但 是环境权的发展却并不顺利，一方面被认为在世界范围内一直引领着环境法理论与实践 的潮流，另一方面也受到激烈的批评，同时环境权的立法和司法实践正面临着巨大的困 境． 正是基予遽一现实，通过对环境投盼雕境癸板：i找寻一条环境权理论走出困境 的、现实可行的道路就显得尤为重要了。造成环境掇法律保护困境的原因，一是对环境 权的结构认识的模糊不清，即：对环境权的主体、客体、内容、q意义，都没有一个统一 的认识，这造成了环境权无法获得法律的确认；二是对环境权根本属性的认识不清，这 造成了环境权的法律保护和救济制度选择上的困难。因此，本文酋先对环境权的基本理 论进行梳理和分析，主要是为了阐明环境权的权利构成制度。在明晰权利构成制度的基 础上， 重点对环境权的属性进行分析，通过对环境权的人权属性、公权属性、私权属 性的求证，明确环境权是一项具有不同属性的权利。最后，在明确环境权结构的基础 上，根据环境权的不同属性，对环境权的法律保护进行研究，主要体现在三个方面：根 据环境权的人权属性，确立环境权的宪法保护；根据环境权的公权属性，确立程序性环 境权的法律保障制度；根据环境权的私权属性，确立实体性环境权的法律保障制度。 关键词环境权 法律制度 权利结构 权利属性  Abstract Since the environmental rights theory was put forward in the 1960’s，it has belonged to the fundamental category of the environmental law．But the development of environmental fights is not smoothly．On the one hand，environmental rights theory was considered that it leads the environmental law theory and the practice of legislation；on the other hand，it comes under serious criticism．So the legislation of environmental rights theory and the practice of law are facing the enormous difficulties．In view of this situation，it is important to find out a feasible way of the development of environmental rights theory through the analysis of the difficulties．One reason that make the difficulties is the confusion of the basic theory environmental rights．It is because that there is not a common understanding of the subject， object，capacity and definition of environmental rights．That is the reason that legislation can not protect environmental rights．Another reason that made the difficulties is the unclear understanding of the attributes of environmental rights that causes the confusion of environmental rights about protection and system of le舀slmion．Therefore，this paper organizes and analyzes the basic theory of environmental rights at first in order to illustrate the rights constituency system of environmental r!ghts．On the basis of understanding the rights constituency system，the paper mainly analyzes attrib