河流一维水质模拟及其可视化研究-地图学与地理信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘要水质模拟预测是研究污染物的水环境行为的重要方法。可以为水 摘要 水质模拟预测是研究污染物的水环境行为的重要方法。可以为水 污染调控、水质管理规划和环境管理提供科学依据。 本文通过对东江干流惠州段的水质情况及其污染源的分析，确定 了高锰酸盐指数与氨氮两种主要污染指标。根据河道水动力学特性以 及污染物的输运特征，建立了一维水动力学模型(圣维南方程组)和 一维对流扩散水质模型。其中圣维南方程组采用普列斯曼四点偏心隐 格式离散方程组并用追赶法求解，对流扩散方程则选用了隐式差分托 马斯方法求解污染物浓度值。在求解过程中，结合高效的数据处理软 件MATLAB6．5，利用其强大的数值计算功能编制了东江惠州段的水动 力、水质模型计算程序，其中主要监测断面的各水力学要素均由不规 则断面的计算程序求得。水质参数由率定的综合降解系数结合经验公 式求得。经验证，模拟值与实测值的误差可以控制在一定范围内。将 验证后的模型体系应用于目标河段在不同水文条件下的水质模拟，并 对模拟结果加以分析预测。最后，在Vi sual Studio 2005开发平台 上，结合ArcGIS Engine二次开发控件，编程开发了河流一维水质可 视化系统，实现了对河流一维水质的动态可视化演示。 关键词圣维南方程组；对流扩散方程；水质模拟；动态可视化 ABSTRACTSimulating ABSTRACT Simulating and predicting the water quality is an important method for researching on behavior of contamination in water environment，and it provides science evidence for successfully accomplishing the tasks about water environment． The paper ascertains two dominating pollution indicator namely permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen by analyzing water quality condition and pollution source of mainstream in Dongjiang River．On the basis of hydrodynamics characteristic of natural river way as well as the pollution transportation character,l—D hydrodynamic model(Saint．Venant equation)and 1-D advective．diffusion water quality model are established，in which Preissmann weighted implicit scheme is used，and water quality model is solved by Tomas implicit scheme to obtain pollution concentration．In the process of calculation，combined with advanced data-processing software MATLAB6．5，which has powerful numerical calculation function，the paper works out a hydrodynamic and water quality model procedure for a reach the mainstream of Dongjiang River in Huizhou City,in which each hydraulic factor of main inspecting sections is calculated by anomaly section procedure．The water quality parameter。is obtained by the integrated decline coefficient as well as experience formula．After validating the relative difference between simulation value and field measured value can be controlled in a definite scope．Then th