《水热法制备Gd3+诱导PbWO4分等级结构的形成过程及机理研究》-毕业设计论文（学术).docVIP

Southwest university of science and technology 本科毕业论文 水热法制备Gd3+诱导PbWO4分等级结构的形成过程及机理研究 学院名称 材料科学与工程学院 专业名称 材料物理 学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 博士 水热法制备Gd3+诱导PbWO4分等级结构的形成过程及机理研究 摘要：纳米材料的控制合成是实现材料性能调控及其应用的基础，研究其控制合成机理尤为重要。本文以Na2WO4、Pb(NO3)2和Gd(NO3)3为原料，在不同比例的乙二醇（EG）与H2O溶剂中，采用简单的液相直接沉淀法合成钨酸铅(PbWO4)微晶，研究稀土阳离子Gd3+在PbWO4晶体的成核阶段对其低维有序结构的可控合成的机理。用XRD、SEM对样品的物相、微观形貌进行表征。结果表明：合成出来的最终样品均为纯的四方相钨酸铅微晶，且随着Gd3+掺入量的增加，（112）面和（200）面等衍射峰均向高角度方向漂移，这说明了Gd3+可能进入了PbWO4晶格并取代了Pb2+的位置，同时不同Gd3+掺入量对应的产物的SEM形貌有明显的差异，该结果表明Gd3+在PbWO4纳米晶体成核阶段可以对其进行微观结构及形貌（显微结构）的控制。此外，随着乙二醇比率的增加晶体沿纵轴方向的生长受到阻碍，乙二醇可能是在成核初期选择性的吸附在晶体某些表面控制其生长，从而达到对形貌的控制。 关键词：纳米材料； PbWO4晶体； Gd3+离子； 可制合成； 形貌 Water hot legal system for the grade structure pbwo4 Gd3+ induce the formation of the research process and mechanisms Abstract: Controlled-synthesis of nanostructure materials is the basis of the modification of their properties and application. Especially, it is very important to explore the mechanism of controlled-synthesis. In this thesis, Gd3+-doped PbWO4 microcrystals were prepared by a facile liquid-phase precipitating method in the mixed-solvent system of ethylene glycol (EG)/H2O with different volume ratio, using Na2WO4, Pb(NO3)2 and Gd(NO3)3 as raw materials, and the probable mechanism for the formation of Gd 3+-doped PbWO4 low-dimensional ordered-structure in the nucleation process under the inducement of Gd 3+ ions was roughly explored. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that all of Gd 3+-doped PbWO4 was pure tetragonal lead tungstate and the reflection peak of (112) shifted obviously toward higher angle with increasing the Gd 3+ doping concentration, indicating that the Gd 3+ ions were likely to enter PbWO4 crystal lattice to substitute Pb2+ sites. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the morphology of Gd 3+-doped PbWO4 microcrystals remarkably varied with the concentration of Gd 3+. These above-mentioned phenomena suggested that in the nucleation stage of PbWO4 nanocrystals, Gd 3+?ions could mo