Chapter 25Retrovirus逆转录病毒.pptxVIP

Chapter 25 Retrovirus逆转录病毒第一课件网网站 / Introduction?Pathogenic retrovirus to human1.Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)2.Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?Characteristics of retrovirusp323---球形、+ssRNA二聚体、有包膜病毒，含逆转录酶 Human Immuno- 人类免疫缺陷病毒Pathogen of AIDS Ⅰ.Biological properties脂双层膜lipid bilayer 1.Shape and tructuregp120gp41gp41? Envelopep24p24衣壳蛋白? lipid bilayer ? gp120 and gp41p17p14内膜蛋白RNA? Nucleocapsidp7(icosahedral)p7核衣壳蛋白? Core (圆柱形) +ssRNA and enzymes ? structural proteinRT逆转录酶integrase* p7 (核衣壳蛋白) * p24 (衣壳蛋白) * p17 (内膜蛋白)proteinase(d=80~120nm)蛋白酶2.Genome of HIV ?Consists of 2 identical +ssRNA (dimer) ?Contain 3 structural genes (gas, pol, env) and 6 regulatory genes (有些序列高度易变)其中的nef基因编码的Nef蛋白是HIV感染后发展为AIDS的重要因子RT gp120 and gp41 p7,p17 and p24介导病毒包膜与细胞膜融合 特异性最高，p24+常作为病毒感染的标志有与CD4分子结合部位3.Viral variation ? Variation of env gene variation of gp120 (V3 region) ↓ change of cell tropism? Variation of nef gene ---encode negative regulatory proteins →→expression of viral proteins ↓ 4. Cultivation(CD4+ cells)5.Resistance(weak)Ⅱ.Pathogenicity and Immunity1.Source of infection and route of transmission ? Source of infection?patients with AIDS?asymptomatic HIV carriers(anti-HIV+者)? Route of transmission ?by sexual contact (性接触)?hematogenic transmission (血源性传播)?vertical transmission (垂直传播)2. cell tropism viral receptor? Cell tropism of HIV? Tropism to CD4+cells? T-tropic strain and M?- tropic strain(嗜T细胞病毒株) (嗜M? 病毒株)? Viral receptor? Specific receptor--- CD4 molecule? co-receptor---chemokine receptorgp120 binds to v1 region of CD4 molecule *T-tropic strain---CXCR4 *M?-tropic strain ---CCR5(gp120 V3 region binding to co-receptor)3. HIV-infection 病毒⑴ acute infection period ⑵ latent period ⑶immunologic deficiency period (2~10年) self limiting and non-specific symptom(CD4+ T cell ↓↓)ofter asymptomaticAIDSactivateAIDS-related complex (ARC,艾滋病相关症候群) Feature ⑴Only infect CD4+cell⑵Cause “slow” infection with long incubat