AP宏观经济学傅莹).pptVIP

如果你对本课件的内容感兴趣，或者 对AP课程和考试有什么问题可以关注并咨询: 微信公众号：AP和国际课程资深顾问傅莹 微博：国际课程顾问傅莹 博客：/ziv66 微信：fuyinglaoshi(二维码) Limitations to the Maximum Increase Banks keep excess reserves: Bank I need not increase loans by a full $900, the maximum legal increase in loans. In the absence of sufficiently credit-worthy customers, for example, Bank I may keep excess reserves, loaning out only $700 for example, maintaining $200 of excess reserves. Limitations to the Maximum Increase Leakage to coin and currency: The contractor (Person C) was paid $900. If instead of depositing the full $900 in his account at Bank II, the contractor kept $100 in cash and only deposited $800, then Bank II would only have been able to increase its loans by $720 (90% of $800) instead of $810 (90% of the full $900. Limitations to the Maximum Increase Time: This process takes many iterations to approach its full impact. After several months, only a partial multiplied increase in demand deposits can be expected. Example 2: Using Bank Balance Sheet Bank I: The $1000 deposit by Person A generates a $1000 increase in cash reserves and a $1000 increase in demand deposits. Assets Liabilities Owner’s Equity Reserves +1000 Demand Deposits (Person A) +1000 Example 2: Using Bank Balance Sheet Bank I: Bank I may loan out $900 to Person B to build the deck. The bank puts the proceeds of the loan into Person Bs checking account at Bank I, so that Person B may write a check to pay the contractor. Assets Liabilities Owner’s Equity Loans (Person B) +900 Demand Deposits (Person B) +900 Example 2: Using Bank Balance Sheet Bank I: Once the contractor (Person C) cashes the check, Person Bs demand deposits decrease by $900 and the cash reserves decrease by $900, as the proceeds of the check are sent to Bank II, where the contractor (Person C) deposits the check. Assets Liabilities Owner’s Equity Reserves (sent to Bank II) -900 Demand Deposits (Person B) -900 Example 2: Using Bank Balance Sheet Bank I: The final change for