基于SOPC的RFID阅读器设计与实现-计算机系统结构专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 电子标识系统作为一种快速发展的定位技术，在地下管线定位技术领域占有 重要的地位。基于射频识别技术的电子标识系统代替传统的地下管线探测技术， 实现对地下管线的动态跟踪管理，对于解决传统探测技术定位难、查找不准的问 题具有重要的现实意义。 作为阅读器的核心，阅读器基带系统主要负责接收、解析和执行来自上位手 持机的命令，实现对电子标签的识别以及定位。围绕地下管线电子标识系统的技 术要求，论文在对射频识别阅读器的工作原理、工作过程和通信协议等进行研究 的基础上，根据阅读器总体设计要求，提出了基带系统的总体设计方案，设计实 现了基带系统电路板以及相应的控制程序。 由于 NiosⅡ软核处理器系统具有较强的可配置性和保密性，本文采用以 Nios Ⅱ软核处理器和 IP 核相结合的方式构成阅读器基带系统硬件电路。论文详细论述 了阅读器基带系统硬件电路的总体设计以及各功能模块硬件电路的详细设计方 案；讨论了 FPGA 内部逻辑的主要模块设计与实现，并给出了功能信号仿真图； 同时，结合 FPGA 中的设计，讨论了驱动控制软件的设计以及主要函数的实现流 程。 对阅读器基带系统硬件、软件的调试结果表明：所设计阅读器的各功能模块 工作稳定，满足设计要求。但对整体性能的调试还有待做进一步的工作。 关键词：地下管线定位 电子标识系统 射频识别 片上可编程系统 Abstract Electronic Marker System (EMS) is a location technology which develops at a high speed. It plays a significant role in the field of underground pipeline location technology. Underground pipelines electronic marking system based on RFID is replacing the traditional detection techniques. EMS has realized the dynamic supervision and the tracking supervision for the underground pipelines’ information. It is of great practical significance to solve the difficult problem of location and inaccurate searching with the traditional detection techniques. Baseband system, the core executive module of the reader, serves to identify and locate the tag by receiving, parsing and executing the commands sent by the host handset. According to the technical requirement of the EMS and general design requirements for the RFID reader, based on an intensive study in the working principle, the mechanism principle and the communication protocol of the RFID reader, the general design for baseband system has been proposed in the thesis. Further, the baseband system board was designed and implemented and the control program for FPGA and the microcontroller was designed and written. NiosⅡ system is easy in configuration and provides high security. So, NiosⅡ soft-core processor and Intellectual Property core were adopted as the control kernel to construct the baseband system hardware circuit in this thesis. There were som