浅析提高宁夏主要造林树种林木良种用率的途径.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 9 浅析提高宁夏主要造林树种林木良种 使用率的途径 陈卫宁，李英武，牛锦凤，刘英，纪丽萍 （宁夏国有林场和林木种苗工作总站，宁夏银川，750001） 摘要：截至“十二五”末，全区审（认）定通过的林木良种66个，其中优良种源12个、一代种子园3个、母树林3个、优良无性系11个、优良品种37个。审（认）定通过的生态造林树种良种涵盖了我区南部山区、中部沙区、北部平原地区造林绿化的主要树种；经济林良种已成为我区林业产业发展的支柱品种；园林绿化良种在我区城市园林绿化中被广泛应用。目前全区林木良种产业发展还存在结构性矛盾突出、良种推广率低等问题，笔者通过踏查统计、分析研究提出了做好林木良种产业产学研相结合，进行区域试验，有序开展引种驯化，制定标准技术规程，提高全区主要造林树种林木良种使用率的方法和对策。 关键词：造林绿化；林木良种；使用率；途径 Approaches?to?Upgrading?the?Extension?of Improved?Afforestation?Germplasm?in?Ningxia Chen?Weining，Li Yingwu，Niu Jinfeng，Liu Ying，Ji Liping (Ningxia?Management?Center?for?State-own?Forest?Farms?and?Forest?Seeds?and?Seedlings,?Yinchuan,?Ningxia?750001?PRC) Abstract:?By?the?end?of?2015,?the?improved?germplasm?resources?officially?registered?in?Ningxia?included?12?provenances,?3?F1?seed?orchards,?3?mother?tree?forests,?11?clones?and?37?varieties.?They?encapsulated?the?main?species?for?the?afforestation?in?the?southern?mountainous?areas,?central?desertification?areas?and?northern?plains?of?Ningxia.?Improved?varieties?are?at?the?leading?position?for?fruit?production?and?are?popularly?employed?in?urban?beautification?and?landscaping.?However,?there?are?still?some?problems?in?the?development?of?germplasm?resources?such?as?the?structural?conflicts?in?seed-seedling?sectoral?progress?and?the?low?extension?rate?of?improved?seeds?and?seedlings.?On?the?basis?of?field?investigations?and?analysis,?approaches?to?upgrading?the?extension?of?improved?afforestation?germplasm?in?Ningxia?are?proposed?such?as?the?combinations?among?production,?education?and?research,?the?network?of?regional?tests,?the?introduction?and?domestication?of?improved?germplasm?and?the?formulation?of?technical?standards?and?specifications.? Key?words:?afforestation?and?greening,?improved?forest?seeds?and?seedlings,?extension?rate,?approach 为夯实我区林木良种发展基础，推进林木良种产业可持续发展，科学谋划“十三五”林木良种发展，进一步推进林木良种化进程，提高主要造林树种林木良种使用率。笔者对全区主要造林树种林木良种使用情况进行了统计分析，初步探索了提高我区林木良种使用率的方法和途径。 1统计分类和范围 1.1统计树种 按照经济林、速生丰产林（商品林）、生态林、其他四类统计全区“十二五”期间主要造林树种总造林面积、分别统计我