中国天山不同地区典型冰川末端变化特征与其空间差异分析.pdfVIP

齐河源 1 号冰川 四工河4 号冰川黑沟8 号冰川托木尔峰青冰滩72 号冰川， 自西向东退缩逐渐减缓。这是由气候环境、地理位置、冰川规模和冰川形态等因 素综合作用的结果。夏季气温和年降水是导致冰川变化的根本原因，由于夏季气 温升高，使得丰富的降水不足以弥补冰川消融带来的巨大物质损失，夏季气温升 高是研究区冰川退缩的最主要气候因素。冰川末端变化与冰川长度具有很好的相 关性，即冰川的长度越大，冰川的退缩就越快，且冰川越小对气候变化的响应越 敏感。表面特征（表碛）亦是造成冰川变化差异的一个主要原因。此外，冰川末 端海拔对冰川变化也有一定的影响。同时，每条冰川的类型、冰温、朝向和坡度 等，也会造成冰川发生不同的消融。 关键词：中国天山；冰川变化；冰川末端；末端变化；空间差异；气候变化；表 碛覆盖 II Abstract Glacier terminus plays an important parameter in the glacier variation and is one of the significant indicator of climate change. So studies of glacier terminus changes can provide a strong basis for the prediction for future glacier and water resources changes. Based on the terminus data of the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 (abbreviated as UG1, henceforth) from 1962 to 2009, the terminus change was analyzed systemically. On the basis of the understanding of individual glaciers and based on field survey, located observation, topography and remote sensing information, five other monitoring glaciers were selected, including the Qingbingtan Glacier No. 72 at Tomur Peak (QG72), the Haxilegen Glacier No. 51 at Kuytun River (HG51), the Glacier No. 4 at Sigong River (SG4), the Heigou Glacier No. 8 (HG8), the Miaoergou Flat-topped Glacier in Hami (MG3), from west to east, thus analyzing spatial difference of glacier terminus in the Tianshan Mountains, China. Comprehensive study of the characteristics of the glacier terminus changes, plays an important basic role for the understanding of the response of glac iers to climate change, and comparative analysis of glaciers terminus changes of the entire Chinese Tianshan benefit for assessing the basin water resources and provide a scientific basis on economic sustainable development policy in western China. Ther