AD危险因素及干预因素.ppt

Accumulating evidence supports the involvement of impaired insulin signaling in Alzheimer’s disease etiopathogenesis: reduced insulin levels and insulin receptor expression were observed in Alzheimer’s disease brains, increasing Alzheimer’s disease Braak stage was associated with progressively reduced expression levels of insulin, insulin growth factor (IGF) 1 and 2 and respective receptors, Alzheimer’s disease patients show increased fasting plasma insulin levels, decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) insulin levels, and/or decreased CSF/plasma insulin ratio, apart from increased amyloid b levels, which suggest a decrease in insulin clearance that may provoke an elevation of plasma amyloid b levels, disruption of brain insulin signaling by the intracerebroventricular administration of the diabetogenic drug streptozotocin (STZ) leads to the development of numerous behavioral, AD的危险因素与干预 运动锻炼与AD关系 目的：whether an activity specific exercise program could improve ability to perform basic mobility activities in long-term care residents with AD. 方式：An activity specific exercise program was compared to a walking program and to an attention control. 评估方法：assessed using the subscales of the Acute Care Index of Function; functional mobility was measured using the 6-Minute Walk test. The program was designed to be implemented 5 times per week by a nursing assistant or family member under the supervision of a physical therapist. this study suggest that walking programs may not be sufficient to improve mobility limitations in individuals who are dependent in transfers and support the benefit of a targeted, simple exercise program in reducing mobility limitations in institutionalized patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment.----A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Activity Specific Exercise Program for Individuals With Alzheimer Disease in Long-term Care Settings.J Geriatr Phys Ther 2011;34:50-56. regular leisure exercise may decrease the risk of developing dementia in l