英语五大句子基本结构.ppt

英语句法（一） 语法系列 一.英语句子的基本成分有8种： 　　主语 (subject) 谓语 (predicate) 宾语 (object) 定语 (attribute) 状语 (adverbial) 补语 (complement) 表语 (predicative) 同位语(Appositive) 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语 She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语 She is happy． 主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. There +be There lies a book on the desk. 简单句基本句型实例 简单句的基本词序 主语 动词部分 宾语 状语 （谓语） 方式 地点 时间 I bought a hat yesterday. The children ran home. The taxi driver shouted at me angrily. We ate our meal in silence. The car stopped suddenly. A young girl walked confidently in the room. They drove him away in a police car. 基本句型实例 1. SV (主语 ＋ 不及物动词) She came. My head aches. The baby is crying. 基本句型实例 2. SVC (主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语) She is happy． He is a student. 基本句型实例 3. SVO (主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语) She likes English. She bought a skirt. 基本句型实例 4. SVoO (主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语) She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 基本句型实例 5. SVOC (主语＋动词＋ 宾语＋宾语补语) She makes her mother angry． We believed him honest. The teacher asked me to read the passage. 基本句型实例 6. SVA (主语 ＋ 动词＋ 状语) They live in Los Angeles. 7. SVOA (主语+ 动词 + 宾语 + 状语) He put the coin in his mouth. 附属成份 基本成份的修饰语，可以是： 定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句 状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。 　 句子成分随堂练习 找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分 Last week I went to the supermarket. 　Last week I went to the supermarket. 　　 状　 　主　 谓　　　　 　　　状 The play was very interesting. 　The play was very interesting. 主　　　　　 系　　状　　　　　表 I can’t hear a word. 　I can’t hear a word. 　 主　　　谓　　　　　 　宾 They were talking loudly. 　They were talking loudly. 　 主　 　　　　谓　 　　　　　 状 It was Sunday. 　It was Sunday. 　 主　 系　　　 表 I get up early on Sundays. 　I get up early on Sundays. 　 主　　　谓　　　　状　　　　　　状 I looked at the young man and the young woman an