阅读理解解题技巧.docxVIP

二、阅读理解的题型分类及解题技巧 阅读理解的20个题目通常可以分为主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题和猜词悟义题四类。 1. 主旨大意题 ??? 主旨大意题的提问方式常见的有： 1）The general/main idea of the passage is about ____. 2）Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？ 3）In this passage the author discusses primarily ____. 4）The passage is mostly about ____. 5）The passage is mainly concerned about ____. 6）What is the main topic of the passage？ 7）What is the best title for the passage？ 8）The subject discussed in this text is _____ 在解主旨大意题时，应注意： a. 认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子。 b. 抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词，因为作者往往有意识地反复论述文章的主题。 c. 文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。例如：On the whole, in short, therefore, I agree with the opinion that…, For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer… 掌握了找主题句的方法，就可以依据主题句归纳主题。但归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误，需要同学们注意: 1）以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题; 2）过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证; 3） 把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。 如何寻找主题句? a. 主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。例如： People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. b. 主题句在段末 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. c. 主题句在短文中间 当主题句被安排在段中间时, 通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展。 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper also nee