2011考研英语二真题及答案解析.pdf

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题 SectionIUseofEnglish Directions： Readthe followingtext.Choosethebestword(s) for eachnumberedblack and markA,B, CorD on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points) TheInternet affordsanonymity toitsusers,ablessingtoprivacy andfreedom ofspeech.Butthat very anonymity isalsobehindtheexplosion ofcyber-crimethathas 1 acrosstheWeb. Canprivacy bepreserved 2 bringing safety and security to aworldthat seemsincreasingly 3 ? Lastmonth,Howard Schmidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernment a 4 tomaketheWeb asaferplace-a “voluntary trustedidentity” system thatwouldbethehigh-tech 5 ofaphysicalkey,a fingerprint andaphotoID card,allrolled 6 one.The systemmightusea smart identity card,or adigital credential 7 toa specificcomputer .andwould authenticateusersat arangeofonlineservices. Theideaisto 8 afederation ofprivateonlineidentity systems.User could 9 which systemtojoin,and onlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeen authenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.Theapproach contrastswith onethatwouldrequirean Internet driver’slicense 10 bythegovernment. GoogleandMicrosoft areamong companiesthat alreadyhavethese“single sign-on” systemsthatmake it possibleforusersto 11 just oncebutusemany different services. 12 .theapproachwould createa“walledgarden”n cyberspace,with safe“neighborhoods”andbright “streetlights”to establish a senseofa 13 community. Mr.Schmidt describedit asa“voluntary ecosystem”inwhich “individualsandorganizationscan complete onlinetransactionswith 14 ,trustingthe identitiesofeach other andtheidentitiesofthe infrastructure 15 whichthetransactionruns”. Still,theadministration’splanhas 16 privacyrightsactivists.Some applaudtheapproach;othersare concerned.It seemsclearthat such a schemeisan initiativepushtowardwhatwould 17 beacompulsory Internet “drive’slicense”mentality. Theplanhasalsobeen greetedwith 18 by somecomp