阅读常考题型应对技巧4.docx

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 阅读常考题型应对技巧4 第四讲　词义猜测题 一、设题角度 1．定义或释义　2.情景推断、代词替代 二、设问方式 (1)The word “...”in the passage means________． (2)The word “...” could be_best_replaced_by ________． (3)Which of the following is_nearest/closest_in_meaning_to ________． (4)The word “...” probably refers_to ________． (5)According to the passage，the word “...” is_known_as ________． 三、解题思路 (一)解题常用方法 Ⅰ.针对性的解释 针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。 1．根据定义(definition)或释义(paraphrase)猜测词义 如果生词有一个句子(定语从句或是同位语(同位语前常有 or，similarly，that is to say，in other words，namely，or other，say，i.e.等)或是同位语从句)或段落来定义，或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号、括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。定义常用的谓语动词多为：be，mean，deal with，be considered，to be，be called，define，represent，refer to，signify 等。 例1.Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal，usually the male，claims as its own. 解析：由定义可推知，这里territory指的是“动物的地盘”。 例2.Here is The Pines，whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou，wild boar，and reindeer with surprising sauces. According to the passage，The Pines is a ________． A．place in which you can see many mobile homes B．mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C．town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D．restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food 2．根据举例猜测词义。恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。 例3.The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discovers are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 解析：根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子，我们应该能推断出句中的epochal是指“重大的”。 Ⅱ.内在逻辑关系 1．根据对比、比较关系猜测词义 表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 等。句子结构：while 引导的并列句。 表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly，like，just as，also，as well as 等。 例4.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle；it can be a basket of fun. What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean? A．a party designed by specialists B．a plan requiring careful thought C．a situation ca