英语从句语法之定语从句归纳.docVIP

定语从句（the attributive clause） 什么叫定语从句？ 一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。 定语从句的结构及种类 结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 关系词的分类及关系词 关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as 关系副词：when，where，why 关系词的功用 起连接作用，引导定语从句 在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。 什么是先行词？ 被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。 关系词的用法 who 当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。 The boy who is standing over there is Tom. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. whom 当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom. This is our English teacher whom everybody likes. whose = 1 \* GB3 ① 当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory. = 2 \* GB3 ② 当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose. We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south. that = 1 \* GB3 ① 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that. This is a machine that can walk. = 2 \* GB3 ② 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。 I like the present (that) my father sent me. = 3 \* GB3 ③ 当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=who The boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother. which 当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that 下列情况下，关系词只能选用that = 1 \* GB3 ① 当先行词为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything时 Is there anything that I can do for you? = 2 \* GB3 ② 当先行词为不定代词all时 Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well. = 3 \* GB3 ③ 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时 These are all the things that I have done today. = 4 \* GB3 ④ 当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时 This is the only computer that he often turns to for help. = 5 \* GB3 ⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时 This is the cleaning room that you can see here. = 6 \* GB3 ⑥ time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时 This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money. = 7 \* GB3 ⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。 He is no longer the child that he used to be 20 years ago = 8 \* GB3 ⑧ 以 who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。 Who is the person that is sitting on the ground ? = 9 \* GB3 ⑨ 当先行词包括人和物时。 7. 下列情况下，关系词只能选which = 1 \* GB3 ① 在非限制性定语从句中。 This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday. = 2 \* GB3 ② 先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时 The boy is very polite, which mak