定语从句的概念.docVIP

一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中做定语，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，由关系词引导。 定语从句的结构是：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词 包括(that， which， who，whom， whose）等，关系副词包括(where， when， why)等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。（主语和宾语等） Eg: 1. Do you know the boy that/who is from Japan. （主语） 2. I don’t like the book that/ which is boring. (主语) 3.I don’t know the time when we will start.(状语) 三、学习关系代词that, who, which, whose的用法 先行词 关系词代词 作用 能否省略 人 that, who 主语, 宾语 否 能 物 that, which 主语, 宾语 否 能 人或物 that whose 主语,宾语 定语 否  1. Do you know the boy that/who is from Japan. （主语） 2. the man （that/who） I talked with just now is my teacher. (宾语) 3. I don’t like the book (that/ which) is boring. (主语) 4. The bike （that/ which） I borrowed yesterday is Kangkang’s. (宾语) 5. I have a pen whose color is black. (定语) 6. I know the boy whose father is a teacher. （定语） 练习 Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词that， which， who， whom填空。 1. The thing ______you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west. 3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _____we live in is very old. 5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？ 　　　 四、关系代词只能用that的情况： 1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that. 例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 2.当先行词为all，any，much，everything，anything，none等不定代词时，只能用that. 例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？ 3.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last等词修饰时，只能用that. 例如：This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 4.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that. 例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 5. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that. 例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ 单项填空。 （ ）1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？ -Yes， he’s our headmaster. 　 A. he B. who C. which D. whom （ ）2. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.