2017年四六级阅读作文.pdf

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2017年四六级阅读作文.pdf

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更多考研四六资料关注公众微信号：【这里叫校园】新东方在线校园墙qq2350602936 每天带你一起学习~ 2017年12月四级阅读（第一套） PassageOne Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedin unfamiliarsurroundingisaphenomenonknownasthe“first-night”effext. Ifapersonstaysinthesameroomthefollowingnighttheytendtosleep moresoundly.YukaSasakiandhercolleaguesatBrownUniversitysetout toinvestigatetheoriginsofthiseffect. Dr.Sasakiknewthefirst-nighteffectprobablyhassomethingtodowith howhumansevolved.Thepuzzlewasthatbenefitwouldbegainedfromit whenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowingday.Shealsoknew frompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthattheseanimalsput halfoftheirbrainstosleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhileremaining alertenoughtoavoidpredators（捕食者）.Thisledhertowonderifpeople mightbedoingthesamething.Totakeacloserlook,herteamstudied35 healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentofthe university’sDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.Theparticipantseach sleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwerecarefullymonitoredwith techniquesthatlookedattheactivitypftheirbrains.Dr.Sasakifound,as expected,theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidon theirsecond,takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepingless overall.Duringdeepsleep,theparticipants’brainsbehavedinasimilar mannerseeninbirdsanddolphins.Onthefirstnightonly,theleft hemispheres（半球） oftheirbrainsdidnotsleepnearlyasdeeplyastheir righthemispheresdid. 更多考研四六资料关注公众微信号：【这里叫校园】新东方在线校园墙qq2350602936 每天带你一起学习~ Curiousidthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocess informationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment,Dr.Sasakire-ranthe experimentwhilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixof regularlytimedbeeps（蜂鸣声） ofthesametoneandirregularbeepsofa differenttoneduringthenight.Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemisphere wasstayingalerttokeepguardinastrangeenvironment,thenitwould reacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpe