土壤中抗生素抗性基因的分布及迁移转化.PDF

中国环境科学 2018,38(7) ：2609~2617 China Environmental Science 土壤中抗生素抗性基因的分布及迁移转化 张 宁,李 淼,刘 翔* (清华大学环境学院,北京 100084) 摘要：为明晰土壤中抗生素抗性基因的存在及传播状况,并为开展抗生素抗性基因土壤污染的风险评价工作提供科学的理论依据.本文根据抗生素抗性 基因存在和转移的理论基础,结合国内外研究进展,详细阐述了土壤中抗生素抗性基因的来源、分布传播及其影响因素,发现已有研究对外源抗生素抗性 基因在土壤中的丰度和种类变化的研究较为深入,而对其在土壤中的空间分布特征、传播扩散及行为机理等研究工作尚处于起步阶段.因此提出未来土 壤抗生素抗性基因的研究重点应为掌握抗生素抗性基因的空间分布、溯源、迁移转化规律及其关键制约因子,并建立相应的数量关系. 关键词：土壤；抗生素抗性基因；分布和传播；水平基因转移 中图分类号：X53 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2018)07-2609-09 * Distribution and transformation of antibiotic resistance genes in Soil. ZHANG Ning, LI Miao, LIU Xiang (School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China). China Environmental Science, 2018,38(7)：2609~2617 Abstract ：Soil is considered as one of the primary receivers of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Hence, clarifying the distribution, transfer of ARGs in soil, is very important to evaluate the potential ecological risks of ARGs. In this paper, the origin, distribution and transfer of ARGs in soil were examined systematically, the major environmental factors that influenced the transmission of ARGs were summarized, and the necessity of the ARGs research in soil was also emphasized. Results showed that the previous studies mostly focus on the abundance and variety of exogenous ARGs in soil, while spatial distribution, propagation and behavior mechanism of ARGs are still found to be insufficient. Based on current research, prospective ARGs research in soil should master the distribution, source, rule of transformation and the key restriction factors. Furthermore a corresponding quantitative relationship should be established to provide a scientific basis data for the assessment of ARGs pollution and ecologic