药用植物学第3章植物器官6_种子.ppt

* * Section six The seed Seed is a characteristic reproductive organs of seed plant . The flower through pollination and fertilization , ovule in ovary developed seed . For example Semen Armeniacae Amarum(苦杏仁) ; Semen Astragali Complanati(沙苑子) ; Semen Cassiae(决明子)and so on. Semen Armeniacae Amarum Semen Astragali Complanati Semen Cassiae Part one shape and structure of seed Shape , size , color , exterior texture and so on in different with different species. They have various form : roundness (coconut), elliptical(gingko) , kidney-shaped(bean) , heart-shaped(Semen Armeniacae Amarum) , diamond(Semen Cassiae) and so on . sizes : large coconut , gingko and pinang . small seed of plantain , Gastrodia elata seed(天麻种子) and Bletilla striata seed(白芨种子). colour : mung bean and white haricot bean . surface : coarseness(coconut) , rumple(Semen Euphorbiae) , trichoma(Semen Strychni) etc. pinang gingko Gastrodia elata plantain coconut mung bean white haricot bean soya jequirity Vigna angularis Structure seed coat embryo endosperm Transverse section of Semen Armeniacae Amarum 1.seed coat(integument) ①hilum : it is a round or elliptical scar falling from funicle or placenta of mature seed . ②micropyle : the reached part of radicle or of absorbed water when seed bourgeon. ③chalaza : meeting dot of vascular bundle in seed coat. ④raphe : ridgy line between hilum and chalaza. 1.Hilum 2. chalaza 3. raphe 4.micropyle 5.seed coat 6. radicle 7. Plumule 8. cotyledon 9. embryo axis ⑤caruncle : integument extend a spongy tuber , absorbing water for helping bourgeon of seed . like castor-oil plant or croton. ⑥aril : funicle and tissue in placenta extend to form . For example, lichi(荔枝) , longan(龙眼) (succulent) and Fructus Amoni(砂仁) ( membranaceous ) . lichi longan Fructus Amoni 2.embryo radicle: will develop main root embryo axis: will develop the part connecting root and stem