矿砂船中间甲板结构的规范要求研究公司承建的30万吨矿砂船VLOC.DOC

矿砂船中间甲板结构的规范要求研究 公司承建的30万吨矿砂船（VLOC）的结构设计与以往建造的油船以及集装箱船相比有很大的不同，结构构件的承载模式也差别很大。其中舱口间的中间甲板差别尤其大。 1.中间甲板的受力情况 矿砂船的横向结构受力模式如图1所示。中间甲板起到的撑杆的作用，承受着很大的矿砂重力与外界海水压力的合成压力。 图1 VLOC横向构件的典型受力模式 图2矿砂船中间甲板屈曲破坏实例 2.DNV规范对中间甲板的特殊要求 对于中间甲板的分析主要是横向的压缩应力及其带来的单向屈曲问题。结构分析中需要有限元分析验证。DNV规范中Pt.3 Ch.1 Sec.8 E100对中间甲板的要求如下： E 100 Transverse strength of deck between hatches 101 In ships with large hatch openings, it shall be examined that the effective deck area between hatches is sufficient to withstand the transverse load acting on the ships sides. Bending and shear stresses may also arise as result of loading on the transverse bulkhead supported by the deck area, and also as result of displacements caused by torsion in the hull girder. Reinforcements to reduce the additional stresses will be considered in each case. The effective area is defined as: — deck plating — transverse beams — deck transverses — hatch end beams (after special consideration) — cross section of stool tank at top of transverse bulkhead — cross section of transverse bulkhead (if plane or horizontally corrugated) down to base of top wing tank, or to 0.15 D from deck. When calculating the effective area, corrosion additions shall be deducted. The compressive stress shall not exceed 120 f1 N/mm2 nor 80% of the critical buckling stress of the deck, bulkhead and stool tank plating. The buckling strength of stiffeners and girders shall be examined. 中间甲板结构的单向屈曲校核方法在DNV规范的Pt.3 Ch.1 Sec.13部分，相关公式如下： 板格的单向极限屈曲应力： (N/mm2) c = 1.21 when stiffeners are angles or T-sections = 1.10 when stiffeners are bulb flats = 1.05 when stiffeners are flat bars = 1.3 when the plating is supported by floors or deep girders 板格的许用屈曲应力: when ； when 。 Where, is the yield stress of material in N/mm2. The actual compressive stress should satisfy: = 1.0 for deck, single bottom and longitudinally stiffened side plating = 0.9 for bottom, inner bottom and transversely stiffened side plating 对于中间甲板肋骨: (N/mm2) 对于屈曲校核，计算型材剖面特征时，带板宽度取肋骨间距的80%。指导