作物N,P,K含量对于平衡施肥诊断意义汇总.pdfVIP

( ) 植物营养与肥料学报 2006 ,12 4 :473 - 478 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science 作物N 、P 、K 含量对于平衡施肥的诊断意义 蔡祖聪 , 钦绳武 (土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室 ,中国科学院南京土壤研究所 ,江苏南京 210008) 摘要 : 利用在河南封丘潮土进行的长期肥料试验 , 以NPK 处理为参照 ,分析肥料N 、P 、K 不同配比处理的小麦、玉米 子粒和秸秆中 N 、P 、K 含量变化。结果表明 ,小麦和玉米子粒或秸秆中 N 、P 、K 含量或比值可以很好地反映提供给 小麦和玉米的N 、P 、K 养分是否均衡。因此 ,通过作物收获物养分含量和比值及其产量分析 ,有可能为施肥是否满 足作物对养分的均衡需求提供一个诊断标准 ,为下一季同一作物的施肥提供依据。文章还提出了制定相对参照标 准的可能途径。 关键词 : 作物养分 ; 平衡施肥 ; 诊断 ( ) 中图分类号: Q9451 　　　文献标识码 : A 　　　文章编号 : 1008- 505X 2006 04- 0473- 06 Diagnosis of balanced fertilization by N, P , K contents in grain and stra w of wheat and maize CAI Zucong , QIN Shengwu ( ) State Key Lab . of Soil and Sustainable Agric . , Inst . of Soil Sci . CAS , Nanjing 210008 , China Abstract : A key issue to raise nutrient utilization efficiency and to mitigate environmental impact of fertilization is to bal ance the supplies of nutrients for crop growth. Techniques for balanced fertilization have been well developed , for instance , soil testing and plant analyses. The aims of balanced fertilization are not only to balance nutrient input into and output from soil , but also to balance nutrient supplies for crop growth. However , indicators have not been developed to diagnose whether supplied nutrients are balanced or not for crop growth. We analyzed the N , P , K contents in grain and straw of wheat and maize harvested from a longterm fertilizer experiment located at the Fengqi