哈尔滨医习科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖.pptVIP

Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence儿童少年单纯性肥胖 Bibliography 《儿童少年卫生学》（第6版），季成叶主编。人民卫生出版社 Falkner F. and Tanner J.M. Human Growth. Plenum Press. New York and London Lowrey GH. Growth and development of children. 7th ed, Chicago, London: Year Book Medical Publishers 《现代儿童少年卫生学》，叶广俊主编。人民卫生出版社 《儿童少年生长发育》唐锡麟 人民卫生出版社 I. General II. Defining Obesity Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat. III. Screening obesity eyeball test weight-for-height body mass index body fat content waist / hip ratio … … weight-for-height 身高标准体重 WAIST - HIP RATIO (WHR) 腰臀比 Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR): fat distribution BMI ---- WHR WHO 推荐： 肥胖度 = [实际体重(kg)—身高标准体重(kg)] / 身高标准体重(kg)× 100% 凡肥胖度≥20%，两处的皮下脂肪厚度≥80百分位数或其中一处皮下脂肪厚度≥95 百分位数者为肥胖儿童 凡肥胖度10%，无论两处的皮下脂肪厚度如何，均为体重正常儿童 皮褶厚度（skinfold thickness）：测量右侧肱三头肌肌腹部和右肩胛下角部 上臂肱三头肌部 －－ 代表四肢 肩胛下角 －－ 代表躯干 上述二部位之和 －－ 代表全身皮下指标 体脂比（body fat ratio）: 轻度肥胖 中度肥胖 高度肥胖 男性 ≥ 20％ ≥ 25％ ≥ 30％ 女性 ≥ 20％ ≥ 25％ ≥ 30％ －－以上两种方法推算的体脂比和判定的肥胖程度易受身高和肌肉发达程度影响 CT断层法： 皮下脂肪面积/内脏脂肪面积 ＞0.4：内脏型肥胖 ＜0.4：皮下脂肪型肥胖 超声波法： 腹膜前脂肪的最大厚度/腹壁皮下脂肪的最小厚度 MALE: ＞1.0 ——内脏型肥胖 FEMALE: ＞ 0.7——内脏型肥胖 IV. Epidemiology “the global obesity epidemic” “globesity” USA : The prevalence of obesity is high and rising higher Fig. The prevalence of childhood obesity in China, 1985-2000. Fig. The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China, 2000 General, Higher in northern than in southern.北方＞南方 Higher in urban than 城市＞农村 Rural, not very high, but the increasing rate is rapid No gender difference in pre-school. Higher in boys than girls in school-age Age-special: 1yr have light peak, after that reduce with age increase, 5yr rebound, 10-13yrs reach the peak Many adulthood obesity develop from from childhood obesity. Risk : Obesity children develop into adulthood obesity Infant 14 % 7 yrs child 41 % 10～13 80 % China Higher stunt prevalence With the improvement of nutri