翻译+模拟题(带答案).docVIP

1. An abstract serves an important function in a research report. It communicates the scope of your paper and the topics discussed to your reader. In doing so, it facilitates research. Abstracts help scientists to locate materials that are relevant to their research from among published papers, and many times scientists will only read a paper’s abstract in order to determine whether the paper will be relevant to them. Considering your audience and their needs will help you to determine what should be included in your abstract.(P30-2.1.3) 摘要在一份研究报告中起到重要的作用。它把你的研究范围和你读者讨论的题目联系在一起。这样做时，帮助了研究。摘要可以帮助科学家从众多出版物中查找与他们研究有关的材料，很多时候科学家只阅读文章的摘要去判定这篇文章是否对他们有用。考虑到你的读者以及他们的需求会帮助你决定你的摘要应该包括哪些内容。2. An informative abstract acts as a report in miniature, encapsulating the whole paper. It summarizes the key information from every major section in the body of the report, and provides the key facts and conclusions from the body of the report. A good way to develop an informative abstract is to devote a sentence or two to each of the major parts of the report. If space permits, you can provide contextual information such as background of the problem and the significance of the research, but you can also omit contextual information because the abstract is not supposed to serve as an introduction to the subject matter of the report—your introduction will serve that role. You should, however, include key numerical facts to make the informative abstract brief and readers will not be surprised to see key data in an informative abstract.(P34-2.3.1) 一段信息性摘要起到浓缩整片文章使之成为微型报告的作用。他概述了报告主体部分每个主要段落的关键信息，还提供了关键事实和结论。开发一段信息性摘要有一个好方法就是从报告的每个主要段落提炼一到两句话。如果空间允许的话，你可以提供上下文的信息，如问题的背景和研究的意义，但是你也可以忽略上下文信息，因为摘要不应该像介绍那样阐述报告的主题，而你的介绍才是这样的角色。然而，你必须包括关键数据使信息性摘要简短，并且读者在信息性摘要中看到关键数据不会惊讶。 3. An indicative abstracts (sometimes called descriptive abstracts) merely includes information about the purpose, scope and methods used to arrive at the findings contained in the original document. The function of indicative a