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新目标Unit9 When was it invented-的教学设计
新目标Unit9 When was it invented?教学设计
Unit9whenwasitinvented?学案一、学习目标:掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态的用法。二、语法介绍:英语中动词的语态分成两种:主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式叫主动语态;当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。㈠含义:动词的被动语态一般译成“被…”,但是根据汉语表达习惯,有时“被”也可以不译出。㈡构成:被动语态一般的构成形式为:be+动词过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)。其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时:am/is/are+done一般过去时:was/were+done含有情态动词的:情态动词+be+done㈢方法:1、将主动语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语,主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。2、将主动语态句中谓语动词变成:助动词be+该动词的过去分词,但时态不改变。3、助动词be要与新的主语保持单、复数一致;若主语和宾语是人称代词时,“格”应作相应的变化。口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变bedone时不变,数格必须随着变。Theworkersmakemachinesinthisfactory.machinesaremadebytheworkersinthisfactory.注意:不及物动词没有被动语态。 ㈣例句:1.manypeoplespeakEnglishinchina.Englishisspokenbymanypeopleinchina.2.Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.3.wemustlookafertheoldman.Theoldmanmustbelookedafter.㈤特殊情况:⑴(含有双宾语的句子变被动语态)剖析:含双宾语的主动语态的句子变为被动语态时,常把那个指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语;也可把那个指物的直接宾语用作主语,但此时必须在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。如:Hegavemeabook.→Iwasgivenabookbyhim.→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾。若把直宾变,to,for间宾连。⑵感官动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to,但变被动句时必须加上to。如:Thebossmadeherworkfor16hoursaday.→Shewasmadetoworkfor16hoursaday.口诀:感/使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态to回来。三、对应练习:㈠选择填空1.Thechildren____bythenurse. A.werelooked B.lookedafterc.werelookedafterD.looked2.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago. A.wasbuildedB.wasbuiltc.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt3.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning. A.broke,isbroken B.isbroken,wasbroken c.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken4.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman. A.wasshownB.showedc.haveshownD.wasshowing whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour. A.isheatedB.heatingc.hasheatedD.heats5.wecantentertheroombecauseitsdoor______. A.lockedB.locksc.islockedD.islocking 6.They______dayandnight. A.aremadework B.aremadetowork c.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork7.changanRoadis______ofpeople. A.filledB.fillc.fullD.fulled 8.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren. A.is,singingB.is,sungc.will,singD.was,sung 9.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek. A.mustc
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