语法专题6—宾语从直句和状语从句.pptVIP

宾语从句 定义：宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。 Eg: I believe it. (主语+谓语+宾语）　 此句中it 是宾语，如果它由一个句子来代替，那就是一个 宾语从句。 I believe that I can win the match. 宾语从句三要素： 连接词 语序（主句+连接词+主语+谓语） 时态 注意：宾语从句的标点符号。 宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句 1）如果主句是陈述句，句尾用句号； 2）如果主句是疑问句，句尾用问号。 一、宾语从句的连接词(三类） 1.连词：that 2.连词：if 、whether 3.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which， 连接副词when, where, why, how 1．连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分， 也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。 eg. He knew （that） he should work hard. She said (that) she would leave a message on his desk. I am sure (that) you will be successful in the future. I am afraid (that) I may forget my French. 注意：在suggest 后的宾语从句中，谓语用动词原形或 should+动词原形 eg. He suggests (that) we (should) start working right now. 2．连词if或whether（是否）；引导一般疑问句做宾语从句。 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，以下3种情况只能用whether： ①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. ②在介词前：It depends on（依靠） whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. Eg: Do you know if/whether he will go to school tomorrow? Do you know whether he will go to school or not tomorrow? He asked if/whether that was a fast train. He asked whether that was a fast train or not. Mom asked Dad whether or not he was coming back for lunch. 3．连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which， 连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。 eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I want to know who was the first to invent the computer. I wonder whose book it was. Tell me what you were doing at this time yesterday. He didn’t know when he was leaving for the USA. Could you tell me where the post office is ? The teacher asked him why he was late for school. He didn’t say how he made the model plane. 【注意】 1．由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式” 结构转化。 eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents. == I dont know how to do with the presents. We haven’t decided where we can spend our holiday. == We haven’t decided where to spend our hol