电动汽车车载光伏充电系统设计与实现.docVIP

. .. . .. 题 目：电动汽车车载光伏充电系统设计与实现 摘要（中英文） 针对电动汽车动力电池组长期不能完全充满而影响其使用寿命，设计了一种光伏电池车载充电装置，能够对动力电池组长时间小电流涓流充电以改善其充电状态，同时部分补充电池组能量，延长电动汽车续航里程与使用寿命。采用TMS320F2808 DSP芯片作为控制核心、以BOOST升压变换器作为主电路的硬件设计方案，完成了主要元器件的选型和参数整定，对设计参数进行了仿真验证和优化，并研制了样机。制定了高性能算法与控制策略，既能完成光伏电池最大输出功率的跟踪，又能提高电池的充电效率，并基于MATLAB平台完成了DSP嵌入式应用程序设计，生成代码。配备了车载监控系统，实现良好的人机交互功能。实验结果表明：该装置性能稳定，光伏电池最大输出功率跟踪速度快，稳态误差小，效率高，并具有防止电池组过充电保护，人性化的人机交互平台，有很强的实用性。 ABSTRACT： Directing towards the phenomenon of the battery pack of electric vehicles can not be charged completely for long time, we designed a kind of on-board photovoltaic cell charging device, it can trickle charge to improve the state of charge of the battery pack, and at the same time part of the supplemental battery pack energy to extend the mileage of electric vehicle. This paper uses DSP TMS320F2808 chip as controller core and Boost converter as the hardware design scheme of the main circuit, also completes the main components of the selection and parameter tuning on the design parameters simulation and optimization, and the development of a prototype. Developing a high-performance algorithms and control strategies, it can not only realize the maximum output power point tracking of photovoltaic cells but also could improve battery charging efficiency. Test results indicate that the device performance was stable, and has good practicality. It can track the maximum output power of photovoltaic cell with error less than 2%, the transformation efficiency reached 85%, the fluctuation range of output voltage and current was less than 5%. The device can detect battery group′s voltage and charge current to prevent battery overcharge and has over-current protection. 引言 随着社会的飞速发展，汽车在整个社会进步和经济发展中扮演着非常重要的角色，而汽车尾气的排放却已成为大气主要污染源，同时也由于世界石油资源的日趋紧张，都迫使当今社会向无污染和节能的方向发展，在此背景下，环保节能的电动汽车正成为其重要的解决手段和研究课题。电动汽车具有无排放污染、噪声低、易于操纵、维修以及运行成本低等优点，并在环保和节能上具有不可比拟的优势，它是解决当今社会巨大能源消耗和环境压力的有效途径，因此，电动汽车是21世纪汽车的发展方向。 目前制约电动汽车发展的一大瓶颈便是与电池相关的问题：快速充电很难将电池充满，一次性充电续驶里程短，受到循环寿命的限制等。采用光伏电池对电动汽车动力电池补给充电，可