敦薨之山敦薨之水地望考兼论敦薨即敦煌.pdfVIP

2011 年第3 期 敦煌研究 NO.3. 2011 （ ） DUNHUANG R ESEAR CH TOTAL 127 总第127 期 “敦薨之山”、“ 敦薨之水”地望考 ———兼论“敦薨”即“敦煌” 李正宇 （ 730030） 敦煌研究院， 甘肃 兰州 内容摘要：《山海经·北山经》载有三条向西流入泑泽的河流杠水、匠韩之水及敦薨之水，杠水即贯穿汉代敦煌郡的疏勒河 干流，匠韩之水即今瓜州县之榆林河，敦薨之水即今敦煌市的党河。敦薨本系月氏语，张骞称敦煌，乃因战国秦汉时期敦薨与敦 煌同音，故知《山海经》之“敦薨”即敦煌。汉武帝在敦薨地区建县建郡，遂据张骞所说“敦煌”，命名为敦煌县、敦煌郡。北魏郦道 元《水经注》谓敦薨之山“在匈奴之西、乌孙之东”，说敦薨之水“出焉耆之北”，与《山海经》敦薨之水西流注于泑泽的流向相反。 杜佑、都实、潘昂霄、朱思本等均据实指出郦道元之谬，而清代以来《水经注》研究家仍从郦氏谬说，亟应纠正。 关键词：敦薨；敦煌；泑泽；疏勒河；党河 中图分类号：K916 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000- 4106 （2011）03- 0078- 05 Geographic study of Dunhong Hill and Dunhong River ：Discussing the name of Dunhong were also known as Dunhuang LI Zhengyu （ ） The Ethnic Religion Culture Research Institute of Dunhuang Academy，Lanzhou Gansu 730030 Abstract ： According to Shan Hai Jing ·The Northern Mountains （Classic of Mountains and R ivers）written in the Warring States，there were three rivers flowing westwards to Lop- nor ，Gang R iver （it also known as Shu Le R iver），Jiang Han R iver （Known as Yu Lin R iver）and Dun Hong R iver （Known as Danghe R iver）. People of R ouzhi called Dunhong and ZHANG Qian was written Dunhuang that because the two were pronounced same during the warring States and the Qin and the Han Dynasties，that is why we known Dunhong was Dunhuang recorded in Shan Hai Jing ，then come to Dunhuang County in the Han Dynasty when Emperor Wudi established County as administration unit. The information of LI Daoyuan ’s Shui Jing Zhu （The Commentary on Waterways C