中国传统制墨工都艺——以松烟墨 油烟墨工艺发展为例.docx

摘要油、染灯草的工艺要点和对制墨结果的影响，并对古人炼制油烟的七种方法进行 摘要 油、染灯草的工艺要点和对制墨结果的影响，并对古人炼制油烟的七种方法进行 了详细分析。在加胶入药、和制成形部分，油烟墨与松烟墨工艺流程大致相同， 则不再予以单独分析。 在分析制墨工艺时，对文献记载的部分古代松烟烧制工艺和油烟烧制工艺进 行研读和比较分析，指出了各种工艺的优劣，并对部分古代工艺进行绘图复原。 对这两种制墨工艺的比较部分，是分为两种墨品的评价和两种墨的工艺发展 比较分别表述的。从具体的工艺流程入手，通过对生产可能性边界、技术进步系 数、生产约束条件等，对松烟墨工艺和油烟墨工艺进行讨论和比较分析，归纳出 松烟墨出现早于油烟墨，以及油烟墨逐渐取代松烟墨，成为制墨业主导的原因。 为了更好的比较古今工艺异同，了解工艺传承情况，本文的工艺分析中结合 了大量的实地调研内容。对现代松烟烧制工艺；现代油烟炼制工艺；现代制墨工 艺流程；现代墨厂产品特点等进行了实地调查、分析。 基于论文的主体研究内容，除了制墨工艺历史梳理和两大制墨工艺的对比分 析之外，本文还在最后一章就制墨工艺发展中的几个问题进行讨论，通过对不同 时代的文献加以综合解读、运用现代自然学科的相关知识、科学分析等方法，讨 论了胶在制墨中的作用和使用原则：对文献记载中极其简略的“对胶法试着做 了分析；指出了宋应星在《天工开物》一书中所记载的松烟炼制工艺的谬误；对 松烟墨的药用进行了初步讨论。 关键词：传统制墨工艺松烟墨油烟墨比较分析 一Ⅱ一 ABSTRACTABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Traditional Chinese production of ink stick is one of the essential techniques in ancient times，which is inherited and improved into a mature system during a long period of time at least lasting for two thousand years，and has conceived a wide and marvelous ink culture which is of great meaning to the development of the politics and economy of the society and the inheritance of Chinese ancient civilization． The occurrence and development of Chinese traditional production of ink stick is analyzed and discussed in the dissertation from the angle of inheritance and continuity of the ink technology．Meanwhile the procedure and main points of the production of ink stick are compared and some questions concerned on the development of the technology are discussed． As one of the two most important types of Chinese ink，the turpine·soot ink is produced earlier than the oil—soot ink in the history of Chinese artificial ink production over two thousand years．The two production systems are interwoven with each other though each has a clear production procedure．Therefore， investigated is Chinese traditional production of ink stick Oil the basis of the two different production ofthe two types ofink stick．For further discussion ofthe main factors of the production and inheritance of the technology,the production o