人教版高中英语选修七Unit1《Livingwell》（Grammar）同步讲练.docVIP

GRAMMAR 不定式 【语境展示一】观察下面各句中不定式的用法，然后加以总结。 1. I’m glad to see you’re feeling better. 2. She woke to see Ben standing by the window. 3. She’s said to be writing a novel. 4. Phillip is said to have left Shanghai. 5. They were all waiting for the gate to be opened. 6. It was his good fortune not to have been injured. 7. We decided not to buy that house. 【自我归纳一】 1. 不定式的形式及含义 不定式 形式 含义 例句 不定式的一般式 to do 表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时发生或在它之后发生。 句1和句2 不定式的进行式 to be doing 表示的动作正在进行，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。 句3 不定式的完成式 ________ 表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前。 句4 不定式的被动式 to be done / to have been done 逻辑主语与不定式表示的动作之间是被动关系。 句5和句6 2. 不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to前加________（句7）。 【语境展示二】观察下面各句中不定式的用法，然后加以总结。 1. To answer that question is difficult. 2. It is foolish to read such a book. 3. I can’t bear to see you like this. 4. He’s finding it hard to cope. 5. My only wish is to do something for the public. 6. The manager asked them to leave. 7. What’s the right way to address the Queen? 8. He was doing this to make me more relaxed. 9. Jerry was very disappointed to hear it. 10. I ran to the station only to find that the train had left. 【自我归纳二】 动词不定式可在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语。 ★作主语，一般表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用第三人称单数（句1）；有时为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式放在句尾（句2）。 ★作宾语（句3）；若带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语不定式后置（句4）。 ★作表语，常用来说明主语的具体内容（句5）。 ★作宾语补足语，常用来补充说明宾语要干什么（句6）。 ★作定语，位于所修饰的词之后（句7）。 ★作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等（句8—句10）。 注意： ★不定式作表语时，其主语除了表示意向、打算、计划等的词之外，常见的还有idea, task, purpose, duty, dream等。如： The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university. Her dream is to make a movie. ★在某些动词后用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语的句子，改为被动结构时，不定式要加to。这类动词常见的有see, watch, notice, feel, hear, make, let, have等。如： He saw a child enter the building. → A child was seen to enter the building. People often heard her sing this song. → She was often heard to sing this song. The man made me move the car. → I was made to move the car. 【即学即练】 I. 用括号内所给单词的不定式的适当形式填空。 1. I shall go to the airport ________ (meet) a friend. 2. I rushed to the door, only ________ (discover) that it was