英国文学史复习提纲 1.pptxVIP

英国文学史期末复习提纲1. Pre-Historical / Pre-RomanThe island we know as England was occupied by a race of people called the Celts(凯尔特人). One of the tribes（部落） was called as Brythons or Britons（古不列颠人） (where we get the term Britain)2. Roman Occupation（占有期）St. Augustine（奥古斯汀） (the “other” St. Augustine!) lands in Kent in 597 and converts（转变） King Aethelbert (king of Kent（肯特）, the oldest Saxon settlement) to Christianity（基督教精神，教义） and becomes first Archbishop（大主教） of Canterbury（坎特 博雷 地名）. English = ?Celtic（凯尔特人） (from 1700 or 400 B.C. to 55 B.C.) +Latin （拉丁人）(from 55 B. C. to 410 A. D.) + German (from 410 A.D. to 1066 A.D.) +French (from 1066 A.D. to 1485 A.D.) =OLD ENGLISH and MIDDLE ENGLISHThe cultural influencesThe Anglo-Saxons （盎格鲁撒克逊人）and the Normans（诺曼人 ）conquests（征服，战胜） much affected England.The cultural influences of these two conquests provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.The Old English Poetry The national epic poem（民族史诗） Of the Anglo-SaxonsBeowulfThe setting（环境，设置） and the hero have nothing to do with England, for the story took place in Scandinavia（斯堪的纳维亚）.The story describes Beowulf in fighting against the monster Grendel（格伦德尔）, his revengeful（有复仇念头的） mother and a fire-breathing dragon.It is an example of the mingling（混合的） of nature myths（神话） and heroic legends.The themes of BeowulfThe first British national epic（民族史诗） ;It is the story of a Scandinavian warrior（战士） or knight（丹麦人） who comes to help a neighboring tribe（部落）, the Danes, who are being attacked by a monster. The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people （原始人）wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces （敌对势力）of the natural world under a wise and mighty （很，非常）leader. The poem mingles（混合） nature myths（自然神话） and heroic legends. It reflects（反射） a heroic age.Geoffrey Chaucer（杰弗里乔叟） and his works The Canterbury Tales（坎特伯雷故事集）-Chaucer’s masterpiece（杰作）-In this novel, he presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English Society of histime and cr