层流膜状冷凝液膜波动的数值模拟动力工程专业论文.docxVIP

研究生优秀毕业论文 大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文摘 大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 摘 要 膜状冷凝作为高效相变传热方式，在工业领域具有广泛应用，如制冷循环中的冷凝 器、核动力装置中的非能动安全壳冷却系统、热电厂的凝汽设备等。由于凝结液膜流动 固有的不稳定性而表现出丰富的动力学特性，深入研究液膜波动特性与膜状冷凝传热传 质机理间的内在联系，对强化传热具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。 采用数值模拟研究纯蒸气在等温竖直平壁上层流膜状冷凝液膜的波动发展以及由 波动引起的强化传热机制。采用非正交的坐标转换，将液膜波动区域转换成直角区域， 在转换后的坐标系内建立冷凝液膜的质量、动量、能量守恒方程，采用有限体积法对控 制方程组进行离散。基于速度场与压力场相互耦合，采用用改进的SIMPLER算法和交 错网格进行流场计算，使用三对角阵方法求解离散的代数方程组。采用结构化的Fortran 语言编写程序，模拟计算流场变量的分布特征。通过在液膜表面添加单一频率的正弦扰 动来研究液膜表面波动的发展情况。结果表明：只有扰动被放大时才能引起液膜的波动， 而扰动被放大或是被抑制与添加扰动的位置和频率有关，当扰动被放大后，液膜波动振 幅不再受扰动位置的影响。液膜表面由光滑状态向小振幅的正弦波发展，最终演化成大 振幅的非正弦波。波动层流膜状冷凝的局部传热系数比Nusselt解得到的要高出大约40％ 至50％，原因主要是时均液膜厚度减小和液膜内平均速度增加引起的流体对流增强。 关键词：膜状冷凝；波动；扰动；数值模拟；强化传热 万方数据 层流膜状冷凝液膜波动的数值模拟Numerical 层流膜状冷凝液膜波动的数值模拟 Numerical Simulation on Laminar Wave Film Condensation Ab stract Steam filmwise condensation iS widely used in industries because of its high heat transfer efficiency，such as heat exchanger in refrigeration cycle，passive containment cooling system in nuclear reactor，condenser in power plant，and SO on．The liquid film can’t keep smooth in practical application，it is significant to further study wave evolution and heat transfer characteristics of wavy．1aminar condensate film． The two．dimensional numerical model for Fluorocarbon Vapor wavy．1aminar film condensation on vertical isothermal surface iS developed．First．the liquid boundary layer equations for conservation of mass，momentum，and energy transformed to new coordinate system，in which the grid is orthogonal．And then apply the finite control volume method to disperse the partial differential equations．Due to the velocity—pressure coupling，the revised SIMPLER algorithm and staggered mesh are used to solve the mathematical model． Discrete equations calculated by TDMA method．Finally．the flow．field variables distribution are obtained by programming with Fortran Language．A single—frequency forcing perturbation iS added continually to film surface．and the wavy flow appears only when the perturbation iS amplified．The result shows th