天山山地森林调节河川径流作用探讨.PDF

第 24 卷第 4 期 南 京 林业大 学学 报 Vo l. 24 No . 4 2000 年 7 月 Journal of N anjing Forestry University Ju l. 2000 天山山地森林调节河川径流作用的探讨 高新和姜志林2 张金池2 潘存德l (1.新疆农业大学， 乌鲁木齐 830052; 2. 南京林业大学，南京 210037) 摘要:运用天山北坡山地 3 1 条河流的水文、气象以及森林资源资料，分析森林调节河川年径 流量作用，结果表明:森林与蒸发因素具有减少河川年径流量的效应， 且森林调节河川径流量 的作用远大于蒸发因素影响。 在森林因素中，森林面积增加对河川年径流量的影响程度大于 单位集水区面积森林蓄积量增加的作用。 在天山北坡山地自然地理环境条件下，林率每增加 1% ，河川径流量平均减少 0.33 mm; 单位集水区面积森林蓄积量每增加 1% ，河川径流量平均 减少 0.27 mm。 关键词: 天山北坡;林率;单位面积蓄积;年径流量;集水区 中图分类号: TH 137; P334 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1000- 2006(2000)04- 0049- 06 A Study on Regulating Function of Forest on Fluvial Annual Runoff Discharge on Tianshan Mountains l 2 2 l GAO Xirr he , JIAN G Zhrlin , ZHAN G Jirr chi , PAN Curr de ( l. Xinjiang Agricultural Univ ersity , Urumqi , 830052 China; 2. Nanjing For臼try University , Nanjing 210037 , China) Abstract: T he functions of forest regulating fluvial runoff on north slopes of the T ianshan M ountains were analyzed by using 31 basins of hydrological , weather and forest data and so on. The results were as follows: forest and evaporation could reduce the functions of annual runoff discharges and the regulating function of fluvial runoff by forest was far more than that of evaporation. Among the forest factor飞 the effects of in- creasing forest coverage was larger than the unit stock volume increased on fluvial annual runoff. Under the natural environment on north slopes of the T ianshan M ountains. When the forest corerage was increased by 1 % , the fluvial annual runoff was d