中国农村土地登记制度试点项目-WorldBankGroup.ppt

1. Land Rights The current rural land institution in China has been gradually established and improved since 1978 when China launched the opening and reform policy It featured as “collective-owned and household-contracted (leased)” 1. Land Rights (Cont’ed) Ownership: two kinds Urban: state owned Rural: collective owned Rural land contract (use) right possessed by 200,160,000 agricultural production units 2. Achievements made by household-based land contract system Bidding farewell to a long-term agricultural products shortage Stably producing enough food to huge population within limited resources 21% of global population 9.0% of global arable land 6.5% of global water resources Figure 1: China’s Grain Production (1978-2008) 2. Achievements made by household-based land contract system (Cont’ed) Increasing farmers’ income On average, the real growth rate of farmers’ income reached 7.1% in the past three decades The Engel coefficient of rural residents went down to 43% now from 68% in 1978 Figure 2: Net Income of Chinese Farmers (1978-2008) 2. Achievements made by household-based land contract system (Cont’ed) Incidence of rural poverty declined immensely UNDP: It can never be overemphasized to give China a higher evaluation when taking consideration of the China’s contribution to fulfill the MDG Without Chinas progress in reducing poverty, the world poverty reduction in general is moving backwards 2. Achievements made by household-based land contract system (Cont’ed) The agricultural investment increased significantly Total agricultural machinery power increased 5.5 times Agricultural mechanization level increasing from 20% in 1978 to 41% now Effective irrigation area is 1.2 times of that in 1978 The contribution rate of science and technology to agricultural growth increased to 49% in 2007 from 27% in 1978 3. Reasons for piloting rural land registration Insufficient protection of farmers’ land rights Unclearly identified rural collective land