英美文学名词解释 浪漫主义 湖畔派诗人 十四行诗 拜伦式英雄 无韵诗.docVIP

Romanticism浪漫主义 1)a movement in literature, philosophy, music and art from late 18th century to early 19th century in Europe. 2)emphasized individual values (个人价值）and aspirations（志向，抱负） above those of society. 3)started from the ideas of Rousseau（卢梭） in France and from the Storm and Stress movement (“狂飙突进”文学运动) in Germany. 4)the characteristics of Romanticism（浪漫主义文学特色）:Passion / emotion ,Individualism 5)Representative writers(代表作家）: France:Hugo, Lamartine, George Sand Germany: Geothe, Schiller Russia:Pushkin, Lemontove America (30 years later): Irving, Cooper, Emerson, Thoreau 2.Lake Poets湖畔派诗人 Wordsworth，Coleridge and Southey were known as Lake Poets because they lived and knew one another in the last few years of the 18th century in the district of the great lakes in Northwestern England. The former two published The Lyrical Ballads (抒情诗谣)together in 1798, while all three of them had radical inclinations(主要的喜爱，倾向） in their youth but later turned conservative（保守的） and received pensions（退休金） and poet laureateships（桂冠诗人） from the aristocracy(贵族，统治阶级）. Sonnet十四行诗 1)A sonnet is a 14 line poem that follows a very specific rhyme scheme(特殊的韵律组合）. 2)Sonnets are traditionally love poems. 3)There are two different types of sonnets: - Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet( 意大利诗人彼特拉克推广的彼特拉克十四行诗）: Named after Francesco Petrarch, an Italian poet from the 14th century –English or Shakespearean Sonnet: Created by Henry Howard in the 16th century Ballad meter民谣诗歌音节 Ballad meter is a type of poetry that uses alternating (交替的，轮流的）lines of iambic（抑扬格的） tetrameter（四音部诗) and iambic trimeter(三音格，三音步）, with a rhyme scheme of A-B-C-B. 5.Byronic hero拜伦式英雄 1） The Byronic hero is an idealized （理想化的）but flawed (有缺陷的）character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron, characterized by his ex-lover Lady Caroline Lamb as being mad, bad, and dangerous to know.[1] The Byronic hero first appears in Byrons semi-autobiographical epic narrative poem Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (1812-1